Medium late variety of cabbage "Dobrovodskaya"
Housewives love to please their household with a delicious cabbage salad. Dobrovodskaya cabbage variety is the most suitable for pickling. High yield, resistance to diseases and unpretentious care made it popular with gardeners. Let's talk about the features of this variety and the nuances of cultivation.
The content of the article
Description of the variety of cabbage Dobrovodskaya
Dobrovodskaya cabbage is a mid-late variety.
Breeding history
The culture was first mentioned in 1956.when Czech breeders registered a new cultivated variety of cabbage. It was distinguished by its high yield, large head size (up to 10 kg), and resistance to sudden changes in temperature.
Main seed producer and supplier to other regions and countries - vegetable growing company Moravoseed (Czech Republic).
Chemical composition and useful properties
100 g of the product contains:
- vitamin B1 - 0.03 mg;
- vitamin B2 - 0.07 mg;
- vitamin B4 - 10.7 mg;
- vitamin B9 - 22 mcg;
- vitamin C - 60 mg;
- potassium - 300 mg;
- calcium - 48 mg;
- magnesium - 16 mg;
- sulfur - 37 mg;
- phosphorus - 31 mg;
- iron - 0.6 mg;
- iodine - 3 mcg;
- manganese - 0.17 mg;
- copper - 75 mcg.
Cabbage has a number of beneficial properties:
- Vitamin C strengthens the immune system, promotes rapid recovery from colds.
- Fiber improves digestion, removes toxins and toxins.
- Increases stomach acidity, improves peristalsis.
- Kills harmful microorganisms, improves intestinal microflora.
- Iron is involved in blood formation.
- Potassium improves the functioning of the heart and cardiovascular system.
Application features
Dobrovodskaya cabbage is used only for fermentation, salting and pickling, because it is not stored fresh for a long time.
Ripening period and yield
Vegetation period from planting 30-day seedlings in the ground is 110-120 days.
The variety has a high yield... Under favorable conditions, you can get from 12 to 14 kg of cabbage from 1 m² of land.
Resistance to disease and cold
Cabbage is resistant to vascular bacteriosis, phomosis, black leg.
Refers to cold-resistant, since it can withstand air temperatures up to + 2 ... + 5 ° С. It tolerates sharp jumps and fluctuations in night and day temperatures.
Plant characteristic
Full ripening period is 160 days from planting to harvest... A low bush grows - 30-40 cm in height, up to 80 cm in diameter. Inside the leaf rosette, a tight, dense head of cabbage with a diameter of up to 20 cm is formed. Outside it has a pale green color, when cut - white. Weight - up to 10 kg.
Leaves are light green with a white waxy bloom... Rounded in shape, with wavy edges. The pulp is juicy, with a pleasant sweet taste.
Growing regions and climate requirements
The variety is recommended for cultivation in the south and in central Russia... At a temperature of + 15 ... + 18 ° С it brings a good yield - 12-14 kg / m².In hotter (over + 30 ° C) or colder (below + 15 ° C) conditions, head formation slows down.
Important! The northern region is not suitable for mid-late culture. The short summer season and long growing season will prevent the cabbage from fully developing.
Advantages and disadvantages
The advantages of the variety include:
- Good presentation, the head of cabbage is even, smooth, does not crack.
- Not afraid of transportation and mechanical damage.
- High yields under favorable conditions.
- 100% seed germination.
disadvantages - short shelf life (up to 3 months) and the need for regular watering.
Difference from other varieties and hybrids
Difference from early and middle varieties:
- Dobrovodskaya cabbage is only suitable for salting and fermentation;
- size - other varieties grow with a maximum weight of less than 6 kg.
Features of planting and growing
To get a good harvest, it is important to respect the growing conditions.
Ground requirements
For growing seedlings cabbage buy a special soil mixture in the store or make it yourself:
- garden land or peat - 1 part;
- humus - 1 part;
- wood ash - 10 tbsp. l. for 10 kg of earth.
Mix everything well.
Ready seedlings are planted in open ground, which is fertilized in advance humus or peat - 3-4 buckets per 1 m². Cabbage does not like acidic soil (liming is carried out), it bears fruit well in black soil.
Preparing for landing
For planting in open ground, prepare seeds and seedlings.
Seed preparation
For cabbage seeds, make:
- Warming up. The planting material is placed on a saucer with wet gauze and placed on a heating battery for 1 day. This stimulates the seeds to wake up.
- Disinfection. After warming up the seed for 30 minutes. placed in a container with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. This increases resistance to diseases, kills bacteria and viruses on the surface of the seeds.
- Growth stimulation. For 12 hours, the seeds are soaked in a bio-solution "Zircon", "Albit", "Energena" or "Epina".
- Hardening in the cold. The seeds are wrapped in a rag and placed in the refrigerator for 24 hours.
Seedling preparation
10-14 days before the planned planting of seedlings in open ground, the plants are hardened:
- 1-2 days open the window in the room for 3-4 hours.
- From 3 to 5 days, seedlings are taken out on a balcony, loggia, veranda or any cool place for no more than 2 hours.
- From 6 to 10 days, the hardening time is increased to 10 hours.
After that, the seedlings are left on the balcony. until disembarking in open ground.
Important! Hardening is carried out when 4-6 true leaves appear on the plants.
How to make a seedless plant
A seedless planting is a more time-consuming option, because. requires constant care in the first half of the growing season:
Seeds undergo pre-sowing preparation. Small holes 2-3 cm deep are made on the plot and 3-4 seeds are placed. Sprinkle with soil or peat. The distance between the holes is made according to the scheme 60x60 cm or 70x70 cm.- The wells are watered with warm water and covered with foil or glass - create a mini-greenhouse.
- After the appearance of 2 true leaves, thinning is performed, leaving 2 seedlings in the hole. Plucked seedlings are used for replanting in empty or new holes. Re-thinning is carried out in a week. One seedling should remain in the hole.
- After that, the seedlings are spud, watered well, fertilized with organic infusion of cow or chicken droppings. Further care is the same as for ordinary seedlings.
Predecessors
The variety thrives on the ground after onions, garlic, potatoes, carrots, cucumbers, legumes. Crucifers - radishes, arugula, radishes - have a bad effect on cabbage.
On a note! In one place, cabbage is grown for no more than 2-3 years in a row, then the planting site is changed.
Timing, scheme and landing rules
Seeds for seedlings are planted in prepared containers late March - early April:
- Shallow holes (1-2 cm) are made in the ground, seeds are sown and sprinkled on top. The distance between crops is 5-7 cm.
- The container is left on a lighted windowsill in a room with an air temperature of + 20 ... + 24 ° C.
- After the first shoots appear, the temperature is reduced to + 15 ° С during the day and + 10 ° С at night.
In order for the seedlings to grow strong, with a good root system, they dive - they are seated in separate peat pots or cassettes according to the 3x3 cm scheme.
Seedlings are transferred to open ground after 30-40 days (late May - early June):
- They make holes 7-10 cm deep, watered well with water.
- Seedlings are placed in them so that the roots are in the water.
- After 10-15 minutes, the holes are covered with soil, slightly pressing the seedlings into the depths.
Planted according to the scheme 60x60 cm or 70x70 cm.
Dobrovodskaya cabbage requires a lot of space on the land, the distance between the rows is 60-70 cm.
Interesting on the site:
The best varieties of cabbage for pickling and storing for the winter
Growing features
For the successful cultivation of cabbage, it is recommended to follow the rules of care.
Watering mode
The Dobrovodskaya variety loves a lot of moisture. Watering and irrigation is carried out by drip every 3 days. Use warm (heated in the sun), settled water at the rate of 3 liters per bush.
On a note! Can be watered with rainwater.
Loosening and hilling
Loose the soil once a week... This improves air exchange, oxygenates the roots. Regular weeding between rows prevents weed growth and top crust formation.
Hilling cabbage stimulates the growth of new roots, strengthens the plant so that it does not fall. They do this at a distance of 20-25 cm from the roots, pour the earth to a height of 10-15 cm, up to the first leaves.
Top dressing
The first time fertilization is applied 2 weeks after germination... Use ammonium nitrate (2 matchboxes for 10 liters of water).
After the appearance of 2 and 3 leaves, they are fed "Nitrofoskoy" (2 matchboxes for 10 liters of water).
Third feeding - after planting seedlings in open ground: 30-40 g "Nitrofoski" per 1 m².
Before the start of tying cabbage heads, the next feeding is carried out nutrient solution (based on 10 liters of water):
- urea - 1 sp. boxes;
- boric acid - 10 g;
- potassium sulfate - 2 tbsp. l.
With an insufficient amount of mineral fertilizers the heads of cabbage are tied in small ones, the plant stops growing.
Measures to increase the yield
To get a good harvest comply with all the rules of care, watering, make the necessary dressing in a timely manner.
Fertilizing the soil 2-3 times per season affects the increase in yield... Use:
- infusion of cow or chicken droppings (0.5 liters per 10 liters of water);
- organic humus - 3 kg per 1 m²;
- a solution of one of the fertilizers "Agricola-1", "Living Power: Vegetable Abundance", "Kemir".
Presowing seed preparation increases yields by 20%.
Disease and pest control
Mid late Dobrovodskaya cabbage variety is resistant to diseases:
- fusarium;
- gray rot;
- blackleg;
- phomaosis.
If the disease is still detected, the plantings are processed fungicides "Previkur", "Fitosporin-M".
Important! The cultivar is susceptible to keel disease. It is recommended to spray the beds with colloidal salt (10 g per 10 l of water).
For pest control, such means are used:
- aphids - treat the leaves with soapy water;
- cabbage fly - will help "Bazudin";
- slugs - "Metaldehyde";
- caterpillars of cabbage white - a thick net and examination for eggs will help.
Growing difficulties
The only difficulty is that the head ovary does not occur... The reasons are as follows:
- sowed seeds late in the ground;
- did not follow the planting scheme, the bushes are very close;
- lack of moisture, irrigation regime is violated;
- excess nitrogen fertilizers.
Harvesting and storage
Harvested at the end of the growing season... The ripeness of the cabbage is indicated by the yellowed lower leaves of the bush and a light spot on the head of cabbage.
How and when to collect
Medium late variety of Dobrovodskaya cabbage harvested in October - early November... At this time, the air temperature drops to + 2 ... + 5 ° С.It is important not to be late so that the first frosts do not damage the harvest.
In the fields, cabbage is harvested mechanically... At home, cut the head of cabbage, leaving the upper covering leaves.
Storage features and keeping quality
The variety is not intended for long-term storage... After harvesting, it is sent for processing. Store at home in a cool place no more than 1.5-2 months.
Reviews of experienced gardeners
Reviews of summer residents will help you understand whether this variety is suitable for growing on your land.
Oksana Nikolaevna, St. Petersburg: “I planted many different varieties of cabbage in my garden. Dobrovodskaya unpretentious, water it and fertilize it on time. I just don't like one thing - too large heads of cabbage grow. I can't lift it myself, I call my husband for help. And there is no way to keep the entire head in the refrigerator ".
Svetlana Ivanovna, Yekaterinburg: “I really liked Dobrovodskaya cabbage! The head of cabbage is tight, does not burst. Grow a few bushes in the garden, enough salt for our entire large family. I cut one head of cabbage - and that's a bucket of sauerkraut. I am satisfied!".
Conclusion
For housewives who like to make preparations for the winter, ferment and pickle cabbage, Dobrovodskaya is the best option. It is a high-yielding variety that is easy to care for. Several large heads of cabbage will provide a family for the entire winter.