Early table potato variety "Tiras" of Ukrainian selection

Potatoes are a source of ascorbic acid, vitamins B1, B, beta-carotene, phosphorus and other trace elements. Nutritionists strongly recommend including it in the diet without fear of extra pounds: with moderate and balanced consumption, they will not appear.

Among all the variety of varieties and hybrids, a variety from Ukrainian breeders called Tiras occupies an honorable place. The culture surprises with its high productivity and large tubers, suitable for growing for sale and for own consumption.

Description of the variety and history of origin

Tiras - Ukrainian table variety of early ripening potatoes... It was developed by biologists of the Polesskaya Experimental Station named after Zasukhin of the Institute of Potato Growing of NAAS in the early 2000s.

The crop is characterized by drought tolerance and is suitable for cultivation in all regions of Russia, on any type of soil. Subject to the rules of agricultural technology in the southern regions, it gives two crops per season.

A distinctive feature of the variety is the rapid formation of tubers, leveled, almost perfect shape.

Plant and yield characteristics are presented in the table.

Council. To determine the culinary type of food, cut the potato in half and rub the slices together. If water droplets appear on the surface, then you have type A in front of you, if the halves stick together - type C or D (with a high starch content).

How to grow potatoes on the site

The culture is absolutely undemanding to the type of soil and grows in many regions of Russia - even in areas that are poor in nutrients. Potatoes perform well in hot and dry regions.

The agricultural technology of the variety is simple, it does not require a special approach, but it is recommended to adhere to certain rules to harvest excellent quality. The care includes moderate watering, loosening, hilling and weeding of beds, feeding and preventive treatments against pests and diseases.

Timing, scheme and landing rules

Seed material for planting is prepared in the fall. Choose tubers of medium size, without damage or signs of decay. In the spring, the seeds are re-sorted and taken out of the basement into a bright room with an air temperature of + 14-15 ° C, laid out on a flat surface for germination. The procedure is carried out 20-25 days before planting. During this period, seedlings will appear on the tubers.

To prevent the development of infectious diseases, seeds are disinfected in a pink solution of potassium permanganate, "Fitosporin" or copper sulfate.

The site is sown with wheat, lupine, rye, flax, mustard before planting, and a month later it is mowed and buried in the ground. Green manure plants compensate for the deficiency of nutrients, prevent the growth of fungi and bacteria.

Planting is carried out in early May in the soil warmed up to a temperature of at least + 6 ° C. On the site, pits are formed with a depth of 8-10 cm, with an interval of 30-35 cm. 150-200 g of ash, 30 g of superphosphate are poured into each. Row spacing - 65-70 cm. Large tubers are cut into two parts, processing the cut with ash.

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Care

The basic techniques of agricultural technology are as follows:

1. Compliance with crop rotation. It is not recommended to grow the culture for several years in a row in one place. It is optimal to use the beds on which cabbage, beans, peas previously grew and not to plant potatoes next to tomatoes due to common diseases and pests.
2. Moderate watering. The best way to control moisture levels is to install a drip system. With manual watering, weather conditions are taken into account: at moderate air temperatures, once a week is enough, during a drought period, the frequency is increased up to 2-3 times. It is important not to overflow the bushes, otherwise the tubers will be too watery and lose their flavor.
3. Loosening. The procedure is carried out after each watering, avoiding the formation of a hard earth crust.
4. Hilling. An important rule of potato care, which allows you to simultaneously remove weeds and saturate the root system with oxygen. The first time the bushes are spudded 2-3 weeks after planting, again after flowering.
5. Harrowing. The procedure is carried out in areas exceeding three hundred parts. A harrow is hung on a tractor or walk-behind tractor, the teeth of which pull out weeds from the soil, and deeply loosen the soil.
6. Fertilizer. The Tiras variety is not too undemanding to the composition of the soil, but at the same time it responds positively to organic and mineral fertilizing, increasing productivity. Before planting, a solution of chicken manure is introduced into the ground (1 tbsp. Of dry chicken manure per 10 l of water), after flowering, the bushes are treated with foliar dressings (2 g of sodium humate per 10 l, 200 g of urea, 10 g of boric acid per 10 l) ...

Reference. Potatoes have one feature - they absorb substances from root dressings only by 50% and actively absorb minerals when sprinkling greens.

The nuances of growing and possible difficulties

Difficulties in growing Tiras potatoes are rare, even for beginners. To increase yields and protect tubers from degeneration, which is characteristic of many crops propagated by vegetation, experienced farmers recommend purchasing seeds from trusted sellers and timely replacement of material.

The variety shows the same productivity both with traditional cultivation technology and with author's cultivation methods.

Igor Lyadov's method involves planting tubers in closed beds and saves a lot of time and effort in leaving. On the site, boxes with earth are installed in the direction from north to south. For manufacturing, use wooden sticks, boards, bricks. The height of the sides is 20 cm, the width is 1.1 m. The bottom is lined with straw, grass, hay, dry leaves, cardboard or paper. Compost is laid on top, mixed with soil.

Before planting, the soil is loosened, holes are formed in two rows with a depth of 10-15 cm and with an interval of 30-40 cm.Then, holes are made at a distance of 0.3-0.4 m. and cover with soil. After the appearance of the bushes, weeding is carried out and the beds are mulched with straw. Further care does not differ from the traditional one.

Diseases and pests

The culture is characterized by medium resistance to late blight of tops and tubers, is immune to common scab, cancer, nematode and leaf-rolling virus.

Symptoms of late blight:

• dark and curled leaves;
• white bloom on the back;
• dark spots on potatoes.

Preventive measures:

• crop rotation;
• compliance with the gaps between the bushes;
• selection of a site on the south side;
• soaking tubers with "Immunocytofit" before planting;
• harvesting potatoes in dry and sunny weather;
• applying dressings with potassium and phosphorus;
• control of nitrogen in the soil;
• treatment of bushes with 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid, copper sulfate (20 g / 10 l), means "Silk" or "Krezatsin".

Treatment:

• before flowering - treatment with Ridomil Gold MC, Oxykhom (twice every 10 days);
• after flowering - treatment with "Bravo" every 10 days;
• before harvesting - a single spraying with the "Alufit" preparation.

The following methods are effective against the Colorado potato beetle:

1. Processing with birch ash in the morning on leaves wet from dew or rain (10 kg per 100 sq. M). Larvae and adults die within 48 hours.
2. Infusion of white acacia bark. Pour 1 kg of dry raw materials with 10 liters of water, leave for 3-4 days, strain and process the bushes.
3. Celandine. Fill a 10 liter bucket halfway with fresh grass, add water and put on low heat. Boil for 20 minutes, cool and dilute 1:20 with water.
4. Dandelion. 200 g of dandelion greens with flowers, 200 g of horsetail, pour 10 liters of water, boil for 20 minutes, cool and dilute with water in a ratio of 1: 5.

Collection, storage and use of the crop

The first digging is carried out after 40 days. When planted in early May, young potatoes are harvested in early June.

Potatoes are dug in dry, sunny weather, sorted, laid out in a dark room for 3-4 days to dry. Then the tubers are distributed in wooden boxes or bags and stored in a cool place. The crop is stored with beets, laying them on top. It absorbs moisture, preventing rotting.

In the conditions of a city apartment, a balcony or a loggia with glazing is used for storage. The potatoes are put in double boxes, inserted into each other like a nesting doll. The bottom drawer must be larger in diameter. The space is filled with foam or sawdust.

There are balcony cellars on sale, like large backpacks... They can hold 1-3 bags of potatoes and can withstand air temperatures down to -40 ° C. They operate from the mains, consuming 120 to 240 watts.

Tubers are periodically sorted out, pulling out completely from bags and boxes. Rotten, with green skin and lesions are thrown away.

Tiras potatoes are more suitable for mashed potatoes. Due to the high content of starch (14-16%), the fruits quickly boil in water. For salads, it is preferable to steam potatoes. According to consumer reviews, the product quickly falls apart during the frying process.

Advantages and disadvantages

Advantages:

• attractive presentation;
• keeping quality;
• the possibility of transportation over long distances;
• amicable maturation;
• the ability to harvest twice a season;
• great taste;
• disease resistance;
• high productivity;
• large-fruited.

Disadvantage - potatoes are quickly boiled in water, so they are not suitable for making soups and stews.

Farmers reviews

Reviews of the Tiras variety are mostly positive, but there are also negative reviews from those who did not like the taste and limited use in cooking.

Alexander, Rossosh: “Tiras is a wonderful fruitful variety of Ukrainian selection. Tubers sometimes grow to such a size that they resemble small melons. From one bush, it is possible to collect about 12 pink tubers. The skin is smooth, with small eyes. Plants bloom with beautiful reddish purple flowers. First of all, buyers pay attention to these potatoes, and the goods are sold as soon as possible. "

Inna, Roslavl: "How many laudatory odes I heard about this variety, so I decided to plant a few bushes in the country. Yes, his yield is high, the tubers are large, even, beautiful, they are stored for a long time. But I didn’t like the taste at all, especially since the potatoes boil quickly, they can only be used on mashed potatoes ”.

Pavel, Lgov: “I have been raising Tiras for a long time already and I don’t know grief. The result is the same from year to year, but this is subject to timely replacement of seeds. The pulp is white with a high starch content and excellent taste. The tubers are stored in the cellar until the next season, they do not rot or germinate. "

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Conclusion

Tiras potatoes are considered one of the best table varieties to be grown on an industrial scale. The culture is characterized by unpretentiousness to growing conditions and soil composition, disease resistance and unpretentious care. Even when cultivated on poor soils, a rich harvest can be obtained.

The high starch content (14-16%) allows you to cook tasty, fluffy mashed potatoes from the tubers, but the product is not suitable for frying, stewing and cooking. Potatoes overwinter in a cool place until next season with minimal losses.