What are the diseases of peppers in a greenhouse: photos and treatment methods

The greenhouse is characterized by high humidity and a special microclimate, due to which diseases occur in it more often than in open ground. Peppers also fall ill due to improper care, non-compliance with agrotechnical rules. As a result, the plant withers, the fruits lose their taste and marketability.

Let us consider in detail the causes of pepper diseases in the greenhouse and how to treat them.

The main signs and symptoms of diseases

The first sign of any infection is stunted growth.... The bushes become weak and lethargic, the leaves dry out and turn yellow. Fruits also signal disease: with some diseases, they wrinkle, with others, they are covered with a light bloom.

Most diseases are visible to the naked eye, so it is important to regularly examine the bushes for characteristic signs.

Reasons why peppers can get sick

Diseases of bell peppers in the greenhouse occur for various reasons. Let's analyze some of the most common for all regions:

1. Improper care: excessive or insufficient watering, cold water, overabundance or lack of mineral and organic fertilizing. It is recommended to water the greenhouse peppers every 5-7 days, ventilate the greenhouse daily using doors or vents, and observe the dosage of the applied dressings.
2. Special climatic conditions: rain and fog, heat and frost. This is especially true for the Urals and Siberia. In order to avoid diseases, it is recommended to choose varieties and hybrids of sweet peppers with high immunity. Some peppers take root only in warm regions with a temperate climate, while others withstand sudden changes in weather.
3. Infection with neighboring crops... The best neighbors for peppers are cabbage, onions, herbs, legumes. It is not recommended to plant them under the same roof with tomatoes, potatoes and eggplants. All these vegetables belong to the nightshade family and are affected by the same diseases.

Greenhouse Pepper Diseases and Treatment Methods

All diseases are divided into fungal, bacterial and viral... Non-infectious lesions are also distinguished.

Fungal

Fungal diseases of pepper in the greenhouse occur due to high humidity and stuffinesswhich serve as an ideal environment for the development of the fungus.

Blackleg

Blackleg occurs in young seedlings and adult plants... Dangerous pathogens develop in the ground that damage the base of the stem and the root system. The root becomes weak, covered with a dark gray bloom.

Infection occurs through plant debris or soil... The black leg is actively developing in conditions of stuffiness and moisture.

For prevention, the soil and seeds are disinfected before planting a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Watering with Bordeaux liquid or copper sulfate solution helps to cure a fungal disease.

Gray rot

Gray rot manifests itself as a light gray coating on fruits, flowers, leaves and stems... If measures are not taken in time, plaque turns into mold.As a preventive measure, ventilation systems are used to ventilate the greenhouse and the planting scheme is followed.

If the plant is sick, the affected fruits and leaves are removed. The remaining peppers are sprayed with Fitosporin-M.

Cladosporium

Fungal disease occurs due to infected seeds, soil, plant debris... Fungal spores are transferred to garden tools and clothing. Gray-brown spots appear on the leaves and stems, which lead to the death and wilting of the plant.

For prevention in the spring, the greenhouse is disinfected with a sulfur checker and the beds for the sweet pepper are changed annually. For treatment, the drugs "Zaslon" or "Barrier" are used.

Late blight

The late blight fungus appears as brown spots... The plant becomes weak, the fruits are deformed, rot appears.

Treat late blight with drugs "Discor" or "Trichodermin". They get rid of the fungus and increase the plant's resistance to pathogens. For prevention, plants are sprayed with a solution of dry wood ash.

Important! Late blight is capable of destroying up to 80% of the crop. Therefore, it is recommended to regularly inspect the beds and ventilate the greenhouse in a timely manner.

Phytoplasmosis

The disease appears on the tops and gradually spreads throughout the bush... The plant turns yellow, the fruits are deformed and dry out. Phytoplasmosis occurs in the greenhouse due to insects - aphids and thrips. Experienced gardeners grow hybrids that are resistant to phytoplasmosis, regularly remove weeds and plant debris.

Treat the fungus the drug "Agat-25K". It protects against disease and increases yields.

It can be useful:

When and how to plant pepper in a greenhouse correctly

Care and cultivation of peppers in the greenhouse

How to speed up the maturation of peppers in a greenhouse

Fusarium

Fusarium wilting affects the vessels of the plant, clogging them... The plant becomes sick, the leaves turn yellow and curl. For prevention, planting density is observed, varieties and hybrids resistant to fusarium wilt are planted, and the beds are sprayed with boron solution.

Treat the disease means "Vectra" or a solution of copper sulfate.

White rot

White rot affects the base of the stem... Due to fungal plaque, seals form, which poison the entire plant. White rot develops due to low temperatures, humidity, frost and rain.

For prevention the beds are watered only with warm water, once a week the plants are sprayed with a solution of whey and iodine. Affected bushes are removed, the rest are treated with Maxim.

Powdery mildew

Disease appears as a white bloom on stems and fruits... Occurs in greenhouses and hotbeds. Light spots become larger over time, the peppers fade. The reasons for the appearance are heat, humidity and an excess of mineral dressings.

In case of infection gardeners spray the beds with Gamair and wipe the walls of the greenhouse with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

Verticillary wilting

Occurs due to lack of nitrogen and phosphorus... The disease develops quickly, in 2-3 days all the bushes become pale and weak. Leaves acquire a corrugated, uneven surface, and fruit formation is reduced.

For treatment use preparation "Maxim", for prophylaxis - spraying based on herbs or onion husks.

Bacterial

Bacteria live on weeds, plant debris, seeds... Consider the common bacterial diseases in greenhouse peppers.

Bacteriosis

Affected plants can die in 2-3 days.... The leaves acquire a pale yellow hue, the fruits are deformed and lose their taste. Bacteriosis often occurs in heavy soils with high acidity.

For prevention observe the planting density, plant peppers on light and fertile lands. Bacteriosis is treated with Oxyhom.

Dry spot

Large dark brown spots appear on the lower leaves. After 1-2 days, the bushes dry up.Brown rings and small ulcers appear on the stem. Fruits crack near the stalk, watery spots appear.

When the first signs are found plants are treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate or copper sulfate. If the bush has dried up, it is removed from the garden, and the remaining plants are treated with Fitosporin.

Black spot

Small spots of a light green hue appear on the leaves... Over time, they turn black and grow.

Black bacterial spot affects young peppers and plants during fruiting.

In order to prevent before planting, the seeds are treated with a solution of succinic acid and germinated in damp warm gauze. Plants are treated with Oxyhod.

Lightning wither

The name of the disease speaks for itself - in a few days the plant turns yellow and dies... White mucus forms in the stem. Bacteria clog the blood vessels, thereby blocking the access of nutrients.

For prevention follow the rules of crop rotation - do not plant peppers in the same place for more than two years in a row. Lightning-fast wilting is treated by spraying with a solution of copper sulfate.

Important! If there is no opportunity to plant peppers in different greenhouses, gardeners change the land every season before planting.

Bacterial rot

The disease affects fruits, leaves, stems... Bacteria block access to vitamins and moisture, which is why the bushes become covered with a light bloom and mucus and wither over time. Brown ulcers appear near the peduncles.

Treat bacterial spotting the drug "Ordan". As a preventive measure, seeds are etched and varieties resistant to diseases are selected.

Bacterial cancer

Causes of infection - humidity, heat, thickened planting... Bacterial cancer with insects, weeds, garden tools is transferred. On the affected leaves, spots of an asymmetric shape appear, with a white center and a brown border.

Diseased plants are removedhealthy sprinkle with Bordeaux liquid. Later, after harvesting, the land in the greenhouse is replaced.

Viral infections

Infectious agents are viruses that live with plant cells... Without cells, viruses cannot develop on their own.

Vertex rot

Occurs due to an excess of nitrogen and a lack of calcium... Brown spots appear near the top of the fruit, which become wet over time.

For prevention respect irrigation regime and feeding, organize balanced fertilizers. During the season, peppers are fed 2-3 times with calcium nitrate.

Tobacco mosaic

Tobacco mosaic virus appears as a yellow pattern on the leaves... Favorable conditions for the development of the disease are dim light and high air humidity. Infection occurs through garden tools, seeds, soil. Over time, the leaves turn black, deform and fall off.

For prevention use a solution of water and milk. Treat tobacco mosaic with colloidal sulfur.

Curly

Curly affects the leaves - they curl and deform... The virus infects mature plants. For treatment use drugs "Aktara" or "Fitoverm".

When signs are found diseased plants are removed from curl. For preventive purposes, stable hybrids are chosen for cultivation.

Important! There are several types of curl. Dwarf entails a growth arrest and deformation of small peppers. Due to the brown curl, dark spots and ulcers appear on the plant. Yellow curl appears as deformation of leaves and shoots.

Bronze

Disease expressed as spots of bronze and purple shades... Specks appear on leaves, shoots, petioles and peppers. The top of the bush dies off. Bronze is carried by insects - thrips and slugs.

For prevention weeds are removed, plants are sprayed with a solution of onion peels. The virus is treated with Strobi.

Non-infectious lesions

Causes of non-infectious lesions are drafts, acidic soil, insect pests... Plants wilt and turn yellow, fruits are deformed. The crop also gets sick due to a lack of minerals. Lack of nitrogen manifests itself in the form of leaf drying, boron - in the death of inflorescences. Lack of fluoride leads to rot, and iron leads to a change in the color of the leaf plate.

Prevention of pepper diseases

Preventive measures help prevent the appearance of viral, fungal and bacterial diseases.

Experienced gardeners advise:

1. Dig up the ground before planting, remove all weeds and plant debris.
2. At the end of autumn, add liquid manure to the beds.
3. In the spring, disinfect the structure with a sulfuric checker.
4. Wipe walls, doors and other hard surfaces with Bordeaux liquid.
5. Ventilate greenhouses daily.
6. Examine plants daily for external signs.
7. Drizzle the pepper with warm water.
8. Apply balanced organic and mineral supplements.
9. Remove weeds once a week.
10. Loosen the beds.

Conclusion

Diseases appear both in wooden greenhouses and in polycarbonate structures. Why do peppers get sick? There are several reasons: improper care, contaminated seeds, climatic features. All diseases are divided into viral, fungal, bacterial and non-infectious.

It is important to detect signs of the disease in time and take remedial measures, for which professional drugs or folk remedies are used.