Mid-season variety with fruits, as in the picture - "Major" tomato and instructions for growing it in open and closed ground

Tomato Major f1 is the result of long crosses of many varieties. The resulting hybrid received a lot of favorable reviews. There are more and more people who want to plant it in their beds. Pink tomatoes are distinguished by a high content of nutrients and trace elements.

The excellent presentation of the fruit is conveyed by the colorful photographs presented in this article. And the excellent taste will not leave indifferent even the most sophisticated gourmet.

Description of the hybrid

The f1 hybrid was introduced in Russia and entered the State Register in 2009. It was originally created for breeding in greenhouse conditions, but in the southern regions it is successfully bred in open beds.

Distinctive features

Indeterminate bush, height up to 2 m, dense foliage, large leaves, similar to potato, simple inflorescences. Ovaries are formed 2 months after sowing the seeds.

The species is mid-season, from the moment of planting to full maturation, 110-115 days pass. Fruiting in open beds is extended, up to the very frost.

Productivity is high, from 1 sq. m, up to 6 kg of fruits are harvested, subject to planting up to 8 seedlings per 1 sq. m.

The genes of the hybrid have a high resistance to diseases of the Solanaceae family.

A tall culture needs a mandatory garter and regular pinching... Immediately after transplanting, the bushes begin to quickly build up their green mass, so they take stepson from an early age.

Fruit characteristics

The weight of ripe vegetables ranges from 150-300 g, as a rule, the first fruits are larger. The shape is round, the color is pink glossy, the pulp is juicy, the seed chambers are 6. The taste is sweet, with a slight sour taste.

The purpose in cooking is universal. Small vegetables are used for whole-fruit canning, large ones are used for pickles and marinades. But the best way to use it is fresh.

Ripe vegetables are stored for a long time, perfectly retaining their presentation. Due to these qualities, the crop is grown commercially for commercial purposes.

In the photo on the right is a Major tomato.

How to grow seedlings

Sowing seeds begins 2 months before planting seedlings in the ground. The final dates determine the climatic features of the region. Before sowing, the seeds are processed to obtain high-quality seedlings.

Seed preparation

The seed is carefully inspected for visible defects. Suitable grains must be light, free from spots, visible damage or distortion.

To determine whether the seed is empty or not, they are placed in a saline solution for 10 minutes. The floating grains are thrown away, the rest are washed with running water.

Further, the planting material is disinfected in a weak solution of potassium permanganate. To do this, they are wrapped in cheesecloth and placed in a solution for 20 minutes.

After that, the grains are washed with running water and dried.

reference! As a result of disinfection, up to 30% of seeds lose their germination. But this is not scary, since only viable specimens will germinate.

To improve germination, the grains are soaked in a growth stimulator for 12-13 hours. After the seeds have swollen, they are ready to be sown.

Capacity and soil

The soil is prepared from garden soil and humus in equal amounts.After thorough mixing of the components, a little mineral fertilizers are added to the mixture. The prepared soil undergoes mandatory disinfection by steaming in the oven at a temperature of 50 ° C for no more than 15 minutes. You can also water the soil with a hot solution. potassium permanganate.

After disinfection, the soil is laid out in planting containers. You can plant in a common wooden box or in individual containers, peat and plastic cups.

reference! There is no need to transplant seedlings into the ground from a peat pot, the container is placed in the ground along with the contents.

Drainage holes are made at the bottom of the landing containers, where excess moisture will drain.

To avoid picking, the seeds are sown in separate containers.

Sowing

The seeds are sown to a depth of 1.5 cm, sprinkled with earth on top and moisten the soil with a spray bottle. Then the containers are covered with foil or glass to create a greenhouse effect and left in a warm room at a temperature of at least 23 ° C.

Seedling care

After the first shoots appear, the containers are placed on the windowsill to obtain the required amount of light. In case of insufficient natural light, plantings are supplemented with phytolamps.

Watered in moderation, using a shallow watering can or a tablespoon, along the edge of the containers, with warm, settled water.

Important! When the soil is waterlogged, young roots will begin to rot.

When 2-3 true leaves appear, the seedlings dive, seating them in separate containers. If the seedlings remain in the common box, the distance between the shoots is increased to 10 cm. Healthy and strong shoots dive, weak plants are disposed of.

Picking helps to select high-quality seedlings.

2 weeks before planting seedlings in the ground, they begin to harden. Hardening consists in being outdoors initially for no more than 1 hour. This time gradually increases to 14 hours.

How to grow tomatoes

After 2 months, the seedlings are ready for transplanting into the ground. By this time, there are at least 5-6 true leaves on the bushes, the plant has a developed root system. Transplanting into open ground is carried out 2 weeks later than in a greenhouse.

Landing

Before transplanting, tomato beds are treated with a hot mixture of copper sulfate and mineral dressings are added. A little ash is brought into the holes 20 cm deep at the bottom and filled with water.

Transplanted on a cloudy day or after sunset. The tomato does not like direct sunlight, it will be more difficult for it to take root.

Landing scheme: 30 cm - distance between seedlings, 40 cm - between rows. For 1 sq. m place no more than 8 plants.

Further care of the tomato Major f1

As young bushes adapt to new conditions, regular watering is established no more than 2 times a week. Do not forget that in rainy times the amount of watering should be reduced, and on hot and dry days, on the contrary, increased. Watered under the root, warm, settled water, without flooding the beds.

reference! Waterlogging of the soil provokes the development of fungal diseases.

After each watering, the soil is loosened and hilled. These techniques not only promote better oxygen penetration to the root system, but also become necessary preventive measures in the fight against many pests.

Top dressing do three times per season: during flowering, during ovary formation and during fruiting. They are fed with a full range of mineral fertilizers or organic matter. The culture responds well to the introduction of mullein infusion in a ratio of 1:10.

During fruiting, potash fertilizers are added to the dressing for faster pouring of the fruit.

reference! All dressings are applied after watering.

Features during care and possible difficulties

Tall bushes need a mandatory garter not only of the stem, but also of the fruit-bearing branches. The branches are spreading, when the fruits ripen, they cannot withstand their weight and bend to the ground. When in contact with wet beds, the fruit begins to rot.

To fix the plants to the support, wooden stakes or metal rods are installed next to each bush, to which the plants are tied up as needed.

Many stepchildren form on the bushes from an early age, which must be removed, otherwise unnecessary shoots will consume a large amount of nutrients.

When a bush is formed in 2 stems, the maximum yield is obtained, however, the fruits at the output have less weight... However, this is how entrepreneurs grow the culture for the greatest quantitative returns.

Diseases and pests

Tomato variety Major f1 it is immune to dangerous diseases of the nightshade family, such as: apical and root rot, powdery mildew. However, the risk of infection with cladosporiosis (brown spot) remains. Cladosporium is a fungal disease that mainly affects greenhouse plants. It is characterized by the appearance of yellowish spots on the leaves, which subsequently dry out and crumble.

Prevention of fungal diseases is moderate watering, loosening the soil and removing weeds from the roots... The main thing is to prevent waterlogging of the soil.

In greenhouse conditions, together with the increased air temperature, ideal conditions arise for the development of fungal infections. The pathogenic environment is destroyed by the regular flow of fresh air, therefore, closed structures are systematically ventilated, preventing a draft.

In case of infection, use a broad spectrum fungicide "Bravo" or "HOM". From folk methods, iodine is used with milk, dissolving 15 drops of iodine in 0.5 liters of milk. Then the resulting mixture is added to 5 liters of warm water and the diseased bushes are sprayed with the resulting solution once every 2-3 days.

Among insect pests, the whitefly, Colorado potato beetle and aphids are dangerous. For whiteflies and aphids, a soap-ash solution is used, treating the stems and branches of plants. The Colorado potato beetle is fought with Prestige.

The nuances of growing in open and closed ground

Initially, the hybrid was bred for greenhouse conditions, which allows tomato to be grown in all regions. If the greenhouse is heated, the tomato will bear fruit even in the coldest areas. But when cultivated in the south in the open field, the fruiting indicators turned out to be no worse than greenhouse ones, so the hybrid began to be grown in open beds. They receive good returns in the Crimea, Kuban and Astrakhan region.

For 1 sq. m place up to 8 seedlings, therefore, regular pinching is necessary from an early age. The thickening of plants reduces the quantitative indicator and leads to the spread of diseases and pests.

Before planting in a greenhouse, a little sawdust is introduced into the soil. This not only gives lightness, but also retains moisture longer.

To limit the growth point of tall plants, pinch the crown, thereby stopping further growth.

If the crops of the Solanaceae family previously grew in the greenhouse, then the top layer of the soil is changed before planting the tomatoes. So young bushes will receive the nutrients necessary for growth and development.

Important... During ripening, the peel is sometimes observed to crack. This is due to waterlogging of the beds and an excess of fertilizing. To eliminate the cause of cracking, stop watering and feeding.

Harvesting and application of the crop

Harvesting of fruits begins in June and, thanks to the extended fruiting, ripe vegetables will delight you for several months. The longest term is in the southern regions. Vegetables are harvested only at the stage of full ripening, otherwise the taste characteristics deteriorate noticeably.

The purpose of cooking ripe vegetables is universal... They are great for fresh consumption, they are used to make salads, hot and vegetable dishes, and various snacks.Ripe vegetables are fortified and contain a large amount of trace elements, due to which they get excellent juice.

Smaller tomatoes are allowed in conservation. Large tomatoes are salted in a barrel. Any type of canning retains its taste properties, since the peel does not crack during heat treatment. The strong peel allows the tomatoes to be frozen.

Ripe vegetables are subject to long-term storage and perfectly withstand long-term transportation. This fact allows entrepreneurs to view culture commercially.

Advantages and disadvantages

The positive properties of the hybrid include:

• the possibility of breeding in all areas;
• adaptation to climatic conditions;
• unpretentious care;
• high resistance to diseases;
• high rate of fruiting;
• excellent taste;
• marketable condition;
• versatility in cooking;
• the possibility of breeding for sale;
• long-term storage;
• long transportation.

Of the negative properties are:

• the need for regular pinching;
• obligatory garter;
• the effect of plant formation on yield;
• cracking of the peel due to high humidity.

Farmers reviews

Favorable reviews of those who planted the hybrid do not allow doubting the reliability of the vegetable crop. Here are the gardeners' opinions:

Valentina, Eagle: “I have been planting the hybrid in a greenhouse for two seasons. She formed the bush with two and tasted it with three stems. The yield is stable, the tomatoes are delicious. Perfect for salads and pickles. "

Evgeny, Krasnodar Territory: “The weather conditions allow growing tomatoes in the garden. The fruits of the first harvest are large. We let them go for salad. Further, the ovary becomes smaller, but for conservation - just right. This is not the first time I have planted a hybrid, and I will plant more. "

Conclusion

The hybrid is not distinguished by complex agricultural technology. Even a beginner in the garden business will appreciate its high and friendly return. In addition, the Major tomato is immune to many diseases and adapts well both to the greenhouse and to open field conditions in the southern regions.

The excellent taste of ripe vegetables and the preservation of the presentation for a long time enable entrepreneurs to use the hybrid for commercial purposes.