We correct the care of tomatoes: why tomatoes do not bloom in the greenhouse how to properly help the bushes

It is known that if there are no flowers on tomatoes, then there will be no harvest. Pollination difficulties are often associated with plants grown indoors. Why tomatoes do not bloom in a greenhouse and what to do to solve this problem, you will learn from this article.

Conditions for tying tomatoes

Solanaceae are whimsical plants, the correct development of which is influenced by many factors. Vegetable growers who grow tomatoes in greenhouses often face the problem of ovary formation. Before you start looking for the root of the problem, you need to determine if the greenhouse conditions are suitable for the proper development of plants.

For flowering tomatoes, you need the following:

• air humidity - 60%;
• air temperature + 20 ... + 25 ° С;
• watering once a week;
• loosening and mulching the soil.

The main causes of flowering disorders

There can be many reasons why a plant does not bloom. It is important to correctly identify the source of the problem in order to fix it. Usually, difficulties with the formation of an ovary arise when the plant lacks something.

The formation of flowers is influenced by many factors:

• pre-planting soil treatment;
• seed quality;
• compliance with the temperature regime - if the stems and leaves of a tomato are massive, but there are no flowers, this indicates that the plant is freezing;
• proper care;
• insects - their lack can lead to the fact that the flower will not be pollinated;
• good lighting;
• root development;
• weather - on rainy days insects cannot pollinate plants;
• the amount of nitrogen in the soil - with an excess of nitrogen, the stem is beautiful and juicy, but there are few flowers and they are lethargic and twisted;
• correct pinching;
• development of diseases - late blight, tobacco mosaic virus, black rot;
• pests - aphid, whitefly, spider mite;
• the amount of fertilizers in the soil - with their excess, the plants have a large fleshy green mass, while the ovary is very weak;
• proper watering - a lack of moisture can be determined by the following signs: the leaves curl, the upper green mass dries, and the soil cracks at the roots. With high humidity, fungal diseases begin to develop.

Important... Lack of pollination is one of the main problems of growing nightshades in a greenhouse. If in open beds this process takes place naturally, then in greenhouses and greenhouses the vegetable grower needs to make additional efforts to form a color bond. A pollinated flower can be recognized by its petals - they are open and slightly bent back.

Other reasons

Often, flowers on tomatoes do not appear due to care errors. Novice gardeners often make mistakes, because of which they can be left without a crop.

The most common mistakes are:

1. Thickness of planting - densely planted bushes prevent sunlight from reaching the roots of the seedlings.
2. Treatment with pesticides. In the struggle for the harvest, drugs are used that have a bad effect on the development of plants. Plants cannot be processed during flowering.
3. Tomato variety... When choosing multi-fruited varieties, it is worth considering that the stem may not have enough resources to form all the ovaries.This problem is common in large-fruited tomatoes. It is also worth considering that hybrids are not suitable for collecting seeds, since do not bear fruit when subsequently grown.
4. Incorrect location of the greenhouse. Plants can suffer from a lack of heat and light.

Control methods

Once the source of the problem has been identified, it is important to immediately start taking corrective action.

Using the "right" seeds

The quality of the seedlings plays an important role in obtaining a bountiful harvest. It is important to purchase seeds from trusted producers. The quantity and quality of flowers can be influenced by how they were stored, processed and packaged. Many gardeners prefer not to take risks and use their seed material collected from the beds. However, if you were planting a hybrid, that doesn't make any sense.

If you are not sure about the quality of the seeds, you can check them before planting for germination. Additional pre-planting treatment will also protect against various diseases and increase the chances of abundant flowering.

Bush formation

Stealing- the most common method of forming a bush, thanks to which the root system of a plant develops correctly. There are varieties of tomatoes that do not need pinching, but most require timely pinching of the crown and removal of yellowed leaves.

The most powerful stepson appears under the first blooming ovary. The processes located below must be removed. There are two options for carrying out the procedure: cut off by hand or cut off. It is important to do this as carefully as possible so as not to infect the plant damage.

You need to cut off the processes several times a week. The procedure is carried out in the morning of a sunny day. The cut point can be anointed with brilliant green. In addition to breaking out the lateral processes, you need to break off the yellowed lower leaves. It is enough to remove 1-3 sheets per week.

It is also important to maintain a distance when planting plants in order to prevent the beds from becoming thickened.

Lighting adjustments

The development of nightshades is negatively affected by both a shortage and an overabundance of light, so it is important to maintain a balance... The lack of lighting can be compensated for by planting the plants in the garden so that there is a distance of 70 cm between them. This distance is enough for the sun's rays to freely fall on the lower leaves. You can also install the backlight.

Carry out thinning and pinning in time. To avoid thickening, you need to pull out weeds, as well as closely-growing seedlings once every few weeks.

Correct feeding

Phosphorus and potassium help tomatoes grow. If these elements are not introduced into the soil, this can lead to the development of diseases and, as a result, the death of seedlings.

Tomatoes are especially in need of phosphorus and magnesium. You can fill their shortage with the help of store fertilizers or a folk remedy - yeast. Wood ash is well suited for feeding. It can be poured under each bush or used as a spray solution.

An oversupply of fertilizer is also dangerous, so it is important to observe the measure. This rule also applies to organic feeding... So, in the case of abundant fertilization with manure, the soil can be oversaturated with nitrogen. This substance gives the plant growth, but does not contribute to its flowering.

Important! You need to feed tomatoes no more than 4 times per season.

With an excess of fertilizers:

• use phosphate fertilizers for root and foliar feeding;
• add sawdust to the soil;
• tear off excess leaves that interfere with free air circulation and the penetration of sunlight;
• ventilate the greenhouse regularly;
• during the restoration of the soil, stop watering the plants.

Pest and disease control

You can protect yourself from the invasion of pests by planting plants between the beds that scare them away. These include: calendula, marigolds, nasturtium, cilantro, dill, parsley, and peppermint.

If there are a lot of insects, you can use tomato-safe decoctions of herbs from wormwood, tansy, dandelion, celandine, burdock and lemon balm. 1 kg of grass is poured with a bucket of water and insisted for 2-3 days.

It is better to prevent nightshade diseases than to try to cure them later. Therefore, one should not neglect prevention: treat the seeds before planting, provide conditions favorable for plant growth, and also regularly disinfect garden tools and greenhouse structures.

Many diseases are manifested in the fact that the leaves begin to turn yellow and wither, which negatively affects the fruits. At the first signs of the disease, infected plants should be removed from the beds and treated with antiseptic and fungicidal preparations.

Air temperature

It is important to observe the temperature regime in the greenhouse. Thermometer readings should not fall below + 15 ° С, otherwise this will lead to the fact that the flowers will not open, and the pollen will not ripen... As a result, the plant can lose its ovaries and even die. At an air temperature of + 30 ° C, the pollen becomes sterile, which is why the flowers can wither and fall off.

Important! Before planting seedlings, you need to assess the weather conditions. If there is a possibility of a return of cold weather, then it is better to wait.

If the problem with the lack of flowers lies in cold nights, you can use a stove or an electric heater to heat the greenhouse. You can also raise the temperature in the greenhouse in a simple way - water the plants with warm water. This method is used when the thermometer drops to 15 ° C outside.

During the heat, you can lower the air temperature by pouring cold water on the paths in the greenhouse or by placing containers with water in the room. You also need to open the vents and doors in the morning and evening for airing. On especially hot days, you can cover the greenhouse with reflective material or add an additional canopy.

Artificial pollination with a lack of insects

The problem of pollination in the greenhouse can be solved artificially. The grower will need to transfer pollen from flower to flower with a brush on his own. You can gently shake the plants so that the pollen falls off by itself or use a fan. The procedure is carried out in the morning, as the pollen matures at night.

You can also attract bees into the room. To do this, pots with honey flowers are placed throughout the greenhouse. To attract other insects, you can spray the plants with a boric acid solution.

Humidity control

Excess or lack of moisture also affects the development and health of tomatoes. The optimum moisture content for growing them is 40-70%.

Due to the high humidity, the pollen swells and becomes heavy. It is difficult for insects to tolerate as it collects in lumps. As a result, pollination becomes impossible.

Excessive dry air is just as dangerous as high humidity. You can increase the humidity by pouring cold water over the paths in the greenhouse. The procedure should be carried out in the morning to prevent condensation from forming. You can also install a container with water indoors.

It is important to provide a constant supply of fresh air in the greenhouse. Usually, in warm weather, the room is ventilated in the morning and evening. If the air temperature is kept within + 20 ... + 26 ° С, then the greenhouse doors can be left open all night.

Mulching the soil will also help to cope with high humidity. You can spread straw or polyethylene in the beds.

Proper watering

The temperature of the water for irrigation plays a very important role. Watering with cold water can chill the root system. Experienced summer residents do not water tomatoes with spring water or from the tap, but use settled water, the temperature of which is more comfortable for plants.

In the flowering phase water plants need once a week. Water is poured directly under the root, making sure that no drops of moisture fall on the leaves.

Prevention

Negligence is unacceptable in growing tomatoes - oversight can lead to the loss of the entire crop. To protect plants from disease and increase the number of ovaries, simple methods can be used:

• when pests appear, immediately start fighting;
• at the first symptoms of diseases or fungal formations, start treatment;
• observe the measure in the use of nitrogenous fertilizers, refuse to use them during the flowering period;
• feed the plants before flowering.

Secrets of experienced gardeners

Tomato pollination problem typical for greenhouses. Often, the natural process may not be possible due to the lack of wind and pollinating insects. In these cases, you can often ventilate the room so that the draft carries pollen, and insects have free access to the plants. Some vegetable growers help the plants by gently shaking them out so that the pollen falls off by itself.

You can help the plant to bloom using processing. For these purposes, you can use double superphosphate and potassium sulfate. Add 15 grams to a bucket of water. components. The manganese solution and boric acid will also help the ovaries to form properly.

If pollination has occurred artificially, you need to increase the humidity immediately after the procedure. You can water the plants or spray them with a spray bottle. After a few hours, you need to open the greenhouse for ventilation.

Some gardeners plant several varieties of tomato that differ in disease resistance and climate. This measure is a safety net in case one of the varieties gives an empty ovary.

If measures have been taken, and the problem has not been resolved, all barren flowers must be removed from the plant. This method will force the seedlings to devote all resources to the formation of new ovaries.

Conclusion

Getting a rich harvest is largely dependent on care. And if it is sometimes impossible to change external factors, then you can learn to adapt to them. If the tomatoes in the greenhouse do not want to bloom, you need to find out the root of the problem and fix it.

It is important to provide favorable conditions for the growth of plants and immediately sound the alarm if they begin to wilt for no apparent reason. Often, a vegetable grower for pollination needs to take on the functions of insects himself and independently distribute plant pollen. It is not difficult to do this, so even novice gardeners will cope with the task.