Step-by-step instructions for planting cucumbers in the ground

Cucumbers are grown in regions with different climatic conditions. Vegetable culture requires competent care and adherence to planting rules. Mistakes at any stage of the growing season result in poor yields.

How to grow cucumbers correctly? How far are the seeds sown? Let's figure out in the article how to properly prepare seeds and create conditions for their growth in the open field.

What is the right way to start growing cucumbers

Before planting cucumbers, they choose a place where the future culture will grow - in a greenhouse or open field. Climatic conditions and sowing time affect the way the plant is planted in the soil - by seeds or seedlings. The choice of the variety depends on these indicators. Planting in seedlings, all other things being equal, accelerates the harvest by 1-2 weeks.

Open ground

The following varieties and hybrids are suitable for open ground:

1. Courage F1. Fruit length reaches 12-13 cm on average. This hybrid is early and self-pollinated. On average, 1.5 months pass from the moment of planting to harvesting. It is immune to disease and is famous for its taste.
2. Gerda... The gardeners harvest this variety 1.5 months after planting. The fruit grows on average up to 10 cm. The plant is distinguished by resistance to diseases (fungus and rot).
3. Connie F1. An early ripe hybrid. On average, the fruit ripens for 50 days. The size of the cucumbers reaches 8-9 cm. Conny is planted in the greenhouse and in the open field. Resistant to rot disease. The fruits are suitable for eating and salting.

Growing in a greenhouse

For growing in a polycarbonate greenhouse, the following varieties are suitable:

1. Zozulya... On average, agronomists grow cucumbers for 1.5 months. Fruit length reaches 25 cm. High-yielding variety. With proper care, gardeners from 1 sq. m collect 25 kg of fruit.
2. Fontanelle... One bush gives up to 9 kg of cucumbers per season. The average length of fruits is 25 cm.
3. Emelya F1 - parthenocarpic hybrid, insect-free pollinated.
4. Sarovskiy - high-yielding, tolerates lack of lighting well.
5. Matilda F1 is a self-pollinated early maturing hybrid.

By harvesting, there are:

1. Early varieties... Early varieties include German, Buran, April. The gardeners collect the harvest of such cucumbers 40 days after planting. The fruits are small, reaching an average of 10 cm in length. The plant bears fruit during the season. Differs in self-pollination.
2. Late... Ripening period - 2 months. Late hybrids include Phoenix, September, Tournament .. The variety tolerates temperature changes well. Fruit weight reaches 210-240 g, length - 15 cm. These seeds are planted in the ground in July or August.
3. Mid-season. Such cultures include Libella, Legend, Emerald. The average length of vegetables is 12-14 cm. The plant bears fruit during the season. Gardeners collect up to 10 kg of cucumbers from the bush.
4. Cold-resistant varieties. Such seeds are suitable for growing in the northern regions. Altai ripens on average 40 days.

Preparing for landing

For the best result, it is recommended to change the place for growing a vegetable crop every five years.Different types of soil are suitable for planting cucumbers. Seeds grow best in soil containing humus.

In the southern regions, soil with an even surface is used for planting. In regions with a cool climate, the beds are made elevated. This allows you to create a sufficient air-thermal regime.

Cucumbers grow well in soils with adequate aeration and drainage.

Reference. It is preferable to grow cucumbers in the beds where potatoes, tomatoes and corn were previously grown.

Site preparation in autumn

After harvesting in the fall, gardeners prepare the land for the new season. The landing site is chosen warm and well-lit. A plot for a vegetable crop is dug up and organic fertilizers (manure or humus) are applied to the soil.

The beds are irrigated with a solution of copper sulfate. Stir 1 tbsp in 10 liters of water. l. substances. Further, according to the scheme, weeds are removed and 2 tbsp are added to the ground. l. superphosphate and a glass of ash per 1 sq. m of land. They dig up the soil and leave it until spring.

Site preparation for spring planting

1.5 weeks before planting, peat, a bucket of manure, sawdust and a glass of wood ash are introduced into the soil. Fertilizers are dug up and leveled. They irrigate the ground with hot water. To saturate the soil with nutrients, a solution of potassium permanganate is used (1 g of substance per 10 liters of water).

The beds are covered with foil and left until planting.

The best time to plant cucumbers

Planting dates depend on climatic conditions. The best time to plant a vegetable is mid or late May. Provided that by this time the soil temperature is above + 15 ° C, and the air temperature is not lower than + 14 ° C. The soil temperature is checked with a thermometer. If there is a risk of night frost, the plantings are covered with foil.

In the southern regions, cucumbers are sown in open ground. Greenhouses are used in the middle lane.

Some gardeners check the lunar calendar. It changes every year. Sow seeds for seedlings only during the growing moon or closer to the new moon. During eclipses, it is not recommended to plant a crop, this will reduce the amount of harvest.

Selection and preparation of seeds

Seed preparation takes place step by step. Before planting, the seeds are selected, empty ones are removed. To do this, add 1 tbsp to a liter container of water. l. salt. Stir the solution and put the seeds. The floating seeds are thrown away, and the rest are dried on a napkin. Large seeds are chosen for planting.

Council. For planting in open ground and a greenhouse, they buy 2-3-year-old seeds - they will give a high-quality harvest.

Warming up the seeds

Warming up will speed up the germination process. Seeds are heated next to heating devices for a month. If there is no such amount of time, then for 3 hours the seeds are heated at a temperature of 50 ° C.

Disinfection of cucumber seeds

For disinfection, a strong infusion of potassium permanganate is used. For 15-20 minutes, the seeds are dipped in water, then washed.

Preplant seed dressing

For preliminary feeding of seeds, they are wrapped in gauze and soaked for 12 hours in a nitrophoska solution. The solution is prepared as follows: stir 1 tsp in a liter of water. substances.

After feeding, the seeds are washed and placed in a dry and warm (at least 25 ° C) place to swell. Two days later, 2 mm roots appear.

Preliminary stratification of cucumber seeds

During stratification, seeds are placed in the cold to awaken before planting. To do this, they are put in the refrigerator for a day. The crop is now ready to plant.

Planting cucumbers for seedlings

The seedling growing method allows you to get the harvest two weeks earlier.

For planting seeds, use a container 11-12 cm high. Plastic cups are suitable.

The soil is fed with 1 part of sawdust, 2 parts of humus and a solution (10 liters of water, 1.5 tbsp. L. Nitrophoska and 2 tbsp. L. Ash). Sprouted seeds are sown one by one in each container and watered. They put it on the windowsill.

When the plant has a second real leaf, the first feeding is done (3 liters of warm water and 3 tsp. Nitrophoska). Until the moment of planting in the ground, the seedlings are irrigated once a week.

Methods for planting cucumbers in open ground

Vegetable crops are planted in open ground in two ways - by the seedling method and with the help of seeds. Planting density per 1 sq. m is 1-2 bushes.

Reference. In the southern regions, cucumbers are planted in two passes. At the beginning of spring, salad varieties are sown, at the beginning of summer - pickling.

Using seeds

Before sowing, the bed is irrigated with warm water. Make even furrows with a depth of 20-30 mm. The soil is crushed so that there are no lumps. Seeds are placed at the same distance so that the sprout looks straight up. Sprinkle with earth.

After sowing, the soil is mulched with humus by 1.5 cm. This method prevents the appearance of a crust on the ground.

Planting seedlings in open ground

Seedlings are planted in the ground 25 days after planting the seeds. In regions with a warm climate, these actions are carried out at the end of May, in the temperate zone - in early June. Before planting, the soil is disinfected with potassium permanganate. 1 g of potassium permanganate is added to 10 liters of water.

Young plants are planted in the ground in two ways: horizontal and vertical.

Horizontal

Horizontal methods include:

1. Wide-row method. Seedlings are planted in rows at a distance of 30 cm from each other. Leave 100 cm between the rows.
2. The usual method. Plants are planted in the ground, leaving 60 cm between rows.

Vertical

The vertical method is the belt method. This planting method is suitable for long stretches. The distance between plants is 70-90 cm.

The photo below shows all planting methods.

Planting patterns for cucumbers

When planting seeds in the ground, two methods are used:

1. Single line seeding. When planting cucumbers, the distance between the holes is 16-17 cm. Cucumbers grow in one row.
2. Two-line seeding. With two-row seeding, the crop grows in two rows. The distance between the rows for early maturing varieties is 60 cm, for the rest - 80 cm.The distance between the holes is 16-17 cm.

Fertilizing the soil

The soil is fertilized not only in autumn and spring, but also after planting cucumbers in the ground. For this, mineral and organic dressings are used. 14 days after planting the seedlings on the beds, the cucumbers are fed with a manure solution. With the seed planting method, this event is carried out when the plant has two true leaves.

When fruits are formed on the plant, gardeners feed it with nitrogen, magnesium and potassium. Fertilize a vegetable crop with a solution of ammonium nitrate or potassium salt. During flowering, the plants are fed with a manure solution. It is diluted with water 1: 5. Insist 14 days. Dilute in water in a ratio of 1: 2 and abundantly watered roots.

Reference. Chicken manure is rich in nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and phosphorus. These substances have a positive effect on plant immunity.

Care advice

After planting a vegetable crop in the ground, gardeners follow a number of rules that increase productivity indicators:

1. Cucumbers once every 10 days feed... Fertilize plants with manure, urea, superphosphate and potassium salt. They feed the culture in the evening along with watering.
2. During the period of leaf development, the soil is fertilized with nitrogen. When flowering - phosphorus. Potassium is added when the plant is bearing fruit.
3. Adults plants watered every day or every other day with warm water. The liquid is settled and heated in barrels in the sun. Water temperature - at least 20 ° C.
4. Cucumbers are not watered at the root. This erodes the soil. Moisture stagnates at the roots and mold develops. Use a watering can with a nozzle or a drip method. For this, a plastic bottle without a bottom is suitable, which is installed near the bush with the neck down, through the holes in the lid, water gradually gets to the roots of the plant.
5. For proper growth, cucumbers are tied up in a greenhouse with synthetic twine or hemp. The twine is wrapped around the plant.
6. Cucumbers are not planted next to tomatoes, as these crops require different growing and watering conditions.

Conclusion

In the southern regions, cucumbers are planted in the ground at the end of May, and in the middle lane - at the beginning of June. Depending on the climatic conditions and the cultivation method, varieties are chosen: early, late, mid-season and varieties that are resistant to cold.

Cucumbers are planted in the ground in two ways: by seeds or through seedlings. Before planting, the seeds are disinfected, heated and hardened. The land for cucumbers is fertilized in autumn and spring. Organic top dressing: peat, ash, manure.

Seeds and seedlings are planted only in heated ground, the temperature of which is not lower than + 15 ° C, and at an air temperature above + 14 ° C.