The best self-pollinated varieties of cucumbers for open ground
Cucumber is a popular vegetable at any time of the year. Which variety to choose for cultivation is not an easy question. The article will focus on the best self-pollinated varieties and hybrids of cucumbers for open ground and greenhouses: what are their features, advantages, what are the characteristic features, taste and nuances of cultivation.
The content of the article
What are self-pollinated cucumber varieties
By the type of pollination, cucumbers are divided into:
- bee-pollinated - the ovary is formed by pollination by insects (bees);
- parthenocarpic - self-fertile, self-pollinated species, without the participation of insects (fruiting is possible without pollination).
Their advantages and disadvantages
The main advantage of self-pollinated cucumbers is their versatility; they are suitable for both indoor planting (balcony, greenhouse, window sill) and for open ground.
Other benefits of self-pollinated cucumbers:
- almost 100% seed germination;
- insects are not needed for fruiting;
- fruits ripen evenly, uniform in shape and color;
- better resist infections and pests;
- care is simple and picky;
- for a long time after harvest, the crop retains its presentation, cucumbers do not wrinkle, do not turn yellow and do not wither.
The only negative is that seeds do not ripen in fruits, since fertilization does not occur. It will not work to get seed for next year at home.
The best self-pollinated open field cucumber hybrids
Among the huge number of new products and proven crops, breeders and experienced vegetable growers single out the most popular and versatile in terms of growing conditions and taste.
Herman f1
New universal hybrid, bred in Holland. It takes a leading place among the early maturing in terms of yield - up to 9-10 kg per 1 m².
Ripening period - up to 45 days from the moment of seed germination. The fruit is leveled, deep green in color, pleasant to the taste, there is no bitterness. Medium in size, cylindrical, large, white tubercles. It grows up to 10-12 cm in length, weighing 70-100 g, up to 3 cm in diameter. The ovary is rich - from 6 fruits per node. Leaves are standard, medium in size. The shoots are powerful, do not break off under the weight of the crop.
Feature - the hybrid is not prone to infection with the mosaic virus, cladosporiosis (brown spot), late blight, powdery mildew. But at the same time it is susceptible to rust, attacks of aphids and spider mites.
You can grow a hybrid in a greenhouse and in the open field, provided that it is temporarily covered with a film.
Suitable for fresh salads, for pickling and pickling.
Important! Cucumbers Herman f1 - gherkin type, do not outgrow, do not turn yellow, stored for a long time.
Emerald earrings f1
Domestic hybrid from the Moscow breeders of the agricultural firm "Gavrish". Differs in early maturity, matures in 42-45 days. The yield is high - from 12 kg per 1 m².
The variety is tall, medium branched. The leaves are medium, the arrangement of the ovary is bouquet, it is formed from 8-9 fruits per node. The fruit is cylindrical, dark green in color, with medium tubercles. Cucumbers taste sweet, without bitterness, crunchy.
Length - 8-9 cm, diameter - from 3 cm, weight - 100-110 g. The skin is covered with short whitish stripes and spots. Thorns are white, dense, prickly. It is relatively hardy to root rot, bacteriosis, powdery mildew.
It is grown by seedlings and sowing in open ground with full warming of the soil.
The purpose is universal - salad, canning hybrid.
Important! The hybrid is suitable for picking gherkins and pickles.
Emelya f1
Popular early maturing hybrid, bred in the city of Mytishchi by specialists of the agricultural firm "Manul". Differs in high yield (up to 16 kg per 1 m²). Begins to bear fruit on the 39th day from the moment of seed germination.
Vigorous with medium branching... The internodes are shortened, the ovary has a bundle. Leaves are medium, slightly wavy around the edge. Fruits are oblong, oval, fusiform or cylindrical, from 13 cm in length to 4 cm in diameter. The mass of a mature cucumber is 130-140 g. The skin is thin, dark green in color, the tubercles are large, the pubescence is medium, the thorns are white.
Feature - this hardy hybrid is not susceptible to cold weather and temperature changes, resistant to the cucumber mosaic virus, and is not subject to root rot.
It is grown in all regions of Russia in different ways (in greenhouses with heating, under a film, in open ground), depending on climatic conditions.
Fruits are juicy, suitable for fresh consumption and preservation. Even an overgrown crop does not lose its taste and presentation.
Real colonel f1
Similar to the previous hybrid Emelya f1, bred by the breeders of the Manul seed company.
It adapts well to any climatic conditions, even at low temperatures reproduces a good yield (up to 12 kg per 1 m²). Bears fruit 40-45 days after germination.
Strong, powerful bush, medium branching... The leaves are small, even along the edge. Up to 3 flowers are formed in the leaf axil. Fruits are cylindrical, slightly ribbed. They grow up to 14 cm in length, 3.5-4 cm in diameter, weighing up to 120 g. The color is green, there are short whitish stripes on the skin. The pubescence is of medium density; the spines themselves are white. The pulp is juicy, sweetish in taste, there is no bitterness.
Resistant to spotting, root rot and powdery mildew. But it has a tendency to hollow fruit with insufficient care.
Hybrid suitable for pickling and salting, suitable for making fresh salads, okroshka.
Zozulya f1
Early hybrid cucumbers bred by breeders of the experimental station. IN AND. Edelstein more than 40 years ago. Has established itself as one of the unpretentious and hardy hybrids. Differs in high yield - above 15-17 kg per 1 m².
The bush is weakly braided, lateral branching is limited (pinching is not required)... The hybrid adapts well in all regions of the country. Cucumbers are cylindrical in shape, with a slight bend. Fruit length reaches 20-22 cm, weight - 200-300 g. The tubercles are large, rare, white thorns. The skin is thin, dark green in color, with longitudinal stripes. The pulp is dense, sweetish in taste. After harvesting, the presentation remains for a long time
The culture tolerates temperature changes well, cold-resistant. The hybrid is not susceptible to infection with fungal and viral infections (spotting, rust, cucumber mosaic). Prone to fusarium disease, powdery mildew.
Recommended for pickles, preparation of lightly salted product and for fresh use.
Important! In canned form, Zozul f1 cucumbers retain their quality for 10-12 months, in the second year the fruits become soft.
Artist f1
Dutch hybrid early ripe cucumbers. Suitable for growing in greenhouses and open field. The hybrid has a good yield (up to 8-9 kg per 1 m²). In one node 1-2 fruits are formed.
The root system is strong, the bush is powerful, the branching is average. The leaves are green, large to medium in size. Fruits are even, small (average weight - 85-90 g). Suitable for picking gherkins. The surface of the cucumbers is bright green with a whitish spot, covered with frequent, small thorns. The pulp is juicy, crispy, without bitterness, medium density.
The hybrid is not afraid of the mosaic virus and olive spot, but it is not weakly resistant to powdery mildew, and requires timely preventive treatment.
Differs in versatility in fresh and canned use.
Son-in-law f1
Hybrid Moscow seed company "Gavrish" is distinguished by early maturity, the fruits ripen on 43-45 days. Suitable for indoor and outdoor cultivation.
The bush is medium-branched, strong. The bookmark of the ovary is bunchy (4-8 fruits per node). Up to 6 kg can be harvested from one bush. Fruits are oblong, cylindrical, up to 11 cm long, no more than 3.5 cm in diameter. Weight - up to 100 g. The skin is soft, densely pubescent. The pulp is firm, not bitter.
The fruits ripen until mid-September. The culture is cold-resistant, not susceptible to temperature changes.
The hybrid is classified as a gherkin type, but can be grown until fully ripe, the taste does not change. Suitable for salads and preserves.
Claudia f1
New mid-season hybrid. It bears excellent fruit on the balcony, in the greenhouse and in the open field. It tolerates heat and cool temperatures well, matures even in a shady place.
The bush is strong, climbing. The arrangement of the ovary is bouquet, 3-4 fruits are formed in one bosom. Cucumbers are smooth, slightly ribbed, densely pubescent. The tubercles are small and dense. They grow in length up to 11-2 cm, in diameter - up to 3.5-4 cm, weighing 70-90 g. The peel is a rich green shade with whitish spots and stripes. The thorns are soft, white. The pulp is fragrant, dense, the seeds are small.
The yield is high, up to 18-20 kg per 1 m². With good care and favorable weather, the crop can be harvested until mid-autumn (in the southern regions). In the northern regions, it is recommended to grow in a greenhouse.
Due to their small size, cucumbers are suitable for pickling and canning.
Connie f1
An early ripe hybrid was bred in St. Petersburg by the agricultural firm "Biotekhnika"... Suitable for growing outdoors. The first crop yields up to 9 kg per 1 m². Later, the yield rises to 14-16 kg.
Bushes are tall, medium weaving. The leaves are wrinkled, small. The ovary is tuft, 2-3 ovaries are formed in one node. Fruits are oval, oblong, up to 9 cm long. The mass of a cucumber is no more than 70-80 g. The tubercles are small, dense. The thorns are soft, white. The pulp is juicy, tough, without bitterness in taste.
The hybrid tolerates temperature fluctuations well, is resistant to root rot.
Feature - Connie f1 cucumbers do not outgrow, do not turn yellow, do not change taste.
No voids are formed during pickling and salting.
Ant f1
Domestic hybrid, bred by breeders of the agricultural firm "Manul"... Differs in early fruiting and high yield (from 12 kg per 1 m²). Can be grown at home (on a windowsill, insulated balcony, veranda), in greenhouses, in private plots.
The bush is of medium height, does not branch, the lateral lashes are short. Begins to bear fruit on the 38th day from the moment of germination. The ovary is bunchy, 4-6 fruits are formed in the node. Leaves are medium. Fruits are oval, slightly ribbed, grow in length no more than 10-11 cm, up to 3 cm in diameter, weighing 100 g. The surface is bright green, densely pubescent, up to the middle of the fruit is streaked with weakly expressed white stripes. The pulp is not too dense, without bitterness, sweetish in taste.
Complex resistance to diseases of vegetable crops is noted.
It is most often used for household preparations for the winter.
Choosing a self-pollinated outdoor hybrid
In order not to be mistaken when choosing seeds for planting cucumbers in the country or in a personal plot, it is worth considering important nuances in the classification of self-pollinated hybrids.
Early maturing, mid-maturing, late-maturing
According to the timing of the formation of the ovary and the time of ripening, three types are distinguished:
| View | Ripening period from the moment of germination | Hybrid name |
| early maturing | 32-45 days | Herman f1, Zyatek f1, Emelya f1, Matilda F1, Orpheus F1, Zador F1, Masha F1, Connie f1, Alex F1, Father F1 |
| mid-season | 45-50 days | Alliance F1, Friendly family F1, Gerda, Director F1, Dirigent F1, Ekol F1, Muromets F1, Claudia agro F1 |
| late maturing | 50 days or more | Geisha f1, Hotel f1 |
The early self-pollinated hybrids have a delicate juicy structure, the later ones are tougher and drier, the mid-ripening flesh is of medium density, the skin is tight.
For the Moscow region, the Urals and Siberia
Self-pollinating hybrids are suitable for areas of the Moscow region:
- Zozulya F1;
- Cheetah F1;
- Fervor F1.
The Urals has a special, unpredictable climate, frequent frosts, short summers. To harvest a good harvest of cucumbers, experienced gardeners advise growing hybrids:
- Cupid F1;
- F1 evenings near Moscow;
- Zozulya F1;
- Herman F1;
- Masha F1.
For the regions of Siberia, hybrids are chosen - they are more hardy and cold-resistant, bear fruit better and do not need insect pollination.
Recommended for greenhouses and open ground:
- North Pole F1;
- Sibiryachok F1;
- Claudia F1;
- Herman F1;
- Zozulya F1.
The most productive
In terms of yield, the leaders among self-pollinating hybrids:
- Zozulya F1;
- Emelya F1.
Conclusion
Specialists in the field of breeding have come to the conclusion that it is the self-pollinating cucumber hybrids that will provide a guaranteed good harvest. Even a novice gardener will not be disappointed in the results: if the rules of care and preparation of the soil are followed, a rich harvest is provided even in unfavorable climatic conditions.