Winter wheat variety Bezostaya 100: characteristics and description

The huge potential of new breeding grain varieties allows even novice farmers to get super-profit. One of the crops offered by scientists from leading research institutes is Bezostaya 100. This winter wheat demonstrates high productivity in the fields and resistance to diseases in unfavorable years.

What is this wheat variety

Many agronomists call the winter Bezostaya 100 an improved version of the well-known Bezostaya 1 variety.

Material with unique varietal characteristics was obtained by Kuban specialists at the P. P. Lukyanenko National Grain Center. The variety was added to the State Register of the Russian Federation in 2014.

Botanical description

Variety pedigree: Lutescens 3415k8-6-4 x Lutescens 198-93k80. Variety - Lutescens.

The plant forms compact erect bushes 81–104 cm high. The root system is fibrous, branched in the soil layer. The primary root system consists of 3–6 roots.

Specifications

Wheat Bezostaya 100 is a medium early medium-sized variety, resistant to lodging. Its signs:

• semi-upright bush;
• leaves are light green, covered with a waxy coating of low intensity, are not pubescent at the time of tillering;
• a spike of regular cylindrical shape, medium density and length, the awning processes in the upper third reach 5–15 mm;
• spikelet scales ovate-elongated, 9-10 mm long, 3.5-4.4 mm wide, with intensely pronounced nerve;
• spikelet tooth moderately curved, straight;
• actively pronounced keel, shoulder wide, erect;
• colored weevil;
• grain of medium size, oblong-ovoid red, glabrous at the base, shallow groove.

Properties

Winter wheat Bezostaya 100 refers to medium early varieties with a growing season of 221-296 days. The culture is referred to as high-quality bakery grain, food group A.

Protein contains from 15%, gluten - from 27%.

Recommended growing regions

The highest yield rates are shown in the Central Black Earth, North Caucasus and Lower Volga regions.

Reference! According to the State Sorting Commission, a record crop of Bezostaya 100 wheat was obtained in 2016 in the Stavropol Territory. The indicators were 100.7 c / ha.

Growing features

The originator guarantees that the wheat soft winter Bezostaya 100 has an advantage when sowing on ear and row crop predecessors, including corn for grain.

It responds well to placement on beets, legumes, clover, buckwheat, early and mid-season potatoes. It is not recommended to plant it after barley due to the risk of root rot.

Optimal soil density, structure and aeration:

• good phytosanitary condition;
• the presence of a breast up to 8 cm in diameter;
• a well-leveled surface;
• leveled seedbed with a bulk density of 1.1–1.3 g / cm;
• soil particles 1–3 mm in diameter;
• the difference in the height of the ridges is not more than 2 cm.

Provided that the seedbed is leveled and the moisture level is sufficient, Bezostaya 100 manages to root in the shortest possible time with minimal loss of seed and gives 4-5 million shoots per 1 ha of field.

Sowing technology

Sowing technology for selection winter wheat includes:

1. Non-moldboard tillage after non-fallen predecessors to a depth of 8–12 cm using units with harrows or rollers.
2. Etching of the material with insecticidal and fungicidal preparations simultaneously ("Maxim Forte", "Maxim XL", "Celeste Top", "Lamador")
3. Seeding the seeds to a depth of no more than 3-5 cm with the obligatory instant rolling to maintain moisture.
4. Harrowing to avoid crusting.

Experienced agronomists prefer to reduce the average sowing rate of selected varieties, but not to increase the amount of mineral fertilizers for a high yield. The world seeding rate for winter wheat is 125 kg / ha.

Planting dates vary by region, current weather conditions and range from early August to mid-October.

Care

Winter crops care includes the control of weeds, pests and diseases, additional feeding during germination and tillering.

The optimal rate of pre-sowing fertilization of the field with organic matter is 20-25 t / ha. Under main cultivation the site makes the full rate of potash and phosphorus compounds.

Nitrogen feeding is carried out in 2-3 doses during the emergence of plants into the tube and in the heading phase by the root method. The calculation of the norm is carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions and taking into account the general condition of the soil.

Diseases and pests

Typical diseases of winter cereals - rust, bacteriosis, septoria, helminthosporiosis. The main signs of plant damage are growth retardation, absence of ovaries, decay of spikelets and roots.

Reference! Awless 100 is resistant to powdery mildew, fusarium head blight, brown and yellow rust, and is weakly exposed to hard smut.

The winter form of cultivation avoids contamination by many pests and diseases due to severe frosts. When crops are damaged, the field is treated with Bayleton, Tilt, Fundazol.

The most common crop pests include the bread beetle, cereal fly, ground beetle. To combat them, high-quality pre-sowing loosening of the soil, dressing of seeds before planting are carried out. Affected plants are treated with drugs "Karate", "Bazudin".

Yield

With an average productivity of an ear, the expected yield is 50–60 c / ha, potential - up to 100 c / ha. The mass of 1000 grains is 37–45 g.

When seeding seeds deeper than 3–5 cm, wheat lays down the tillering node late and hibernates poorly. Such an error reduces the yield by an average of 20-30 c / ha.

Collection technology and timing

It is important that the harvest in one area does not stretch more than 5-7 days. The recommended method of harvesting wheat Bezostaya 100 is direct combining in the phase of wax ripeness with seed moisture up to 28% for up to 7 days.

Storage

During storage maintain an optimal level of humidity (up to 70%). The premises are provided with constant ventilation, ventilation and cooling. The correct temperature is + 5 ... + 8 ° С.

Before laying, the grain is cleaned of weeds, impurities, dried and disinfected. Disinfection is carried out with a wet, aerosol or gas method, with preparations such as "Contador Maxi", "Viking".

The optimal storage period for winter wheat grain is 240 days, the maximum is 30 months. After the starch content of the raw material decreases, the quality suffers. The parties are systematically monitored to detect fungal diseases.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

The relatively young variety Bezostaya 100 has the following advantages:

• resistance to root rot;
• suitable for cultivation according to the ear precursor;
• drought and heat resistant.

The disadvantages of the variety, large farms include the relatively high cost of seed. Plant intolerance to non-observance of grain harvesting dates is noted: every day of downtime leads to activation of respiration and burnout of starch, which reduces the yield by 1 centner / ha daily.

Advice! Breeders recommend sowing varieties of different ripeness groups on the same farm in order to reduce losses during the harvest period and safely extend the harvest for 2-3 weeks.

The average cost of 1 ton of seed for wheat Bezostaya 100 is 30–32 thousand rubles. (about $ 500) when buying in bulk. The price is current for 2019.

Conclusion

Winter soft wheat Bezostaya 100, with strict observance of grain farming techniques, allows harvesting large volumes of grain in extreme conditions. The main purpose of use is a record harvest - when growing a crop, it is achieved with minimal costs for chemicals and fertilizers, which justifies the high cost of seed.