Features of growing rice in the Krasnodar Territory

Delicious and healthy rice dishes are included in any diet, but have you ever thought about where this cereal comes from and how it is grown? Rice is a traditionally Asian culture, but it also grows in our country.

In this article, we will talk about how rice is grown in the Krasnodar Territory.

How and where does rice grow

Rice is grown in subtropical and tropical climates... The world leader in the production and import of cereals is China; it is cultivated in Southeast Asia, Japan, Brazil, the USA, Pakistan, Egypt, and the CIS countries.

This plant is fastidious and demanding on the length of daylight hours.... For full growth, special conditions are important for him: shade, constant high humidity, temperature around + 18 ° C.

The culture is cultivated in special fields:

• irrigation;
• dry land;
• estuaries.

Areas are completely filled with water and do not allow it to dry outuntil the rice is fully ripe.

Interesting facts about rice:

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Growing rice in the Krasnodar Territory

In Russia, rice is traditionally cultivated in the Krasnodar Territory.where the climate is most suitable for this. Grain grows in other regions, but the Kuban rice-growing complex is the largest in the country.

Here the crop is cultivated using a special technology that is different from that used in Asian countries... In some areas, the fertile soil layer is only 15 cm, so fertilizers are actively used. Before harvesting, the fields are completely drained, after that they are given a “rest”, every 2-3 years planting soybeans, wheat or other cereals in this place.

In the south of Russia rice is grown in the lower reaches of the Kuban River, rich in heat and land... The flat relief here creates favorable conditions for vast cereal fields. Rice-growing center - Krasnoarmeisky district.

Reference. In the Krasnodar Territory, one crop of cereals ripens a year, while in warmer Asian countries, two are harvested.

What varieties grow in the Kuban

To improve product quality, breeders regularly breed new crops... More than 40 varieties of rice bred in Russia are cultivated in the Kuban.

Reference. Varieties differ in color, starch content, processing method, shape and grain size.

Rice varieties grown in the Krasnodar Territory belong to the Japonica variety - a round soft product. This cereal is suitable for porridge or pudding, as it is sticky and boiled well. Rice from the Kuban contains a lot of protein, is environmentally friendly and is rarely attacked by pests.

By the way! The All-Russian Rice Research Institute in Krasnodar was established to research new agricultural technologies and breeding.

The main varieties of cereals cultivated in the Kuban:

• Ruby - red;
• Southern night - black;
• Regulus - round white;
• Black pearls - unpolished black;
• Khazar - white round;
• Viola - sticky white;
• Rapan - white, one of the most popular Kuban varieties;
• The flagship is white round.

Read also:

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How to store rice at home

Growing technology

Rice farming in the Kuban began to develop actively in the 70s-80s of the XX century... By now, a special technology of crop cultivation has been established.

Important nuances

Plants require high moisture, therefore, they are planted near large water sources: reservoirs, rivers or lakes.So water is supplied to rice fields without large financial and technological costs.

Drainage and drainage networks are created to regulate soil moisture... To prevent uneven flooding, the field surface must be leveled.

Landing features

Rice in the Krasnodar Territory is planted in small fields called checks... Together with canals, they form a complex system of irrigated fields. In this region, planting in such areas, the yield is higher than in estuary or dry land.

For crop cultivation saline wet soil is suitablewhich is not suitable for other plants.

Planting begins in May, but its exact date and time depend on the variety of cereals and soil... Rice is planted on pre-watered soil, checks are prepared: they draw, clean the drainage, carry out agrotechnical and hydraulic engineering work. Dry seeds are scattered with mechanical seeders and rolled so that they do not float when the field is flooded with water.

For better liquid distribution, diagonal stripes are cut on the checks... When the sprouts reach 20 cm, the fields are filled with water from the Kuban River, a local lake or a special reservoir.

Planting care

To accelerate growth and increase yields, the crop is fertilized nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compositions. Spraying and pest control from aircraft.

To control the uniformity of flooding agronomists go around the fields, checking the water level using special slats. In saline soil, the water is drained several times per season to reduce the salt content. The fields are drained before weeding.

Reference. The temperature for rice growth in the Krasnodar Territory is + 25 ... + 30 ° C.

Harvesting

Grain is harvested in August or early September... This is done exclusively on clear dry days. 10-15 days before this, the checks are completely drained so that the technician can pass over them. Combines remove and thresh the ears. Sometimes harvesting continues around the clock.

After the grain is delivered from the field immediately dried and passed through cleaning machines.

Conclusion

Growing rice in Krasnodar Krai is a laborious process, but the result is worth it. In the Kuban, a special technology of cereal cultivation is used: it is planted according to checks, fertilized, drained before harvesting and removed with agricultural machinery.

More than 40 varieties of rice have been developed in Russia, which are sold domestically or exported.