A guide to replanting raspberries in the fall to a new location for beginner gardeners
Autumn is the most successful period for transplanting raspberry bushes. The growing season ends in plants, and the shoots have time to form. With early autumn planting, root suckers quickly take root and winter calmly.
Problems with planting material usually do not arise - the plant forms a sufficient number of young shoots. In this article, we will talk about the rules and methods for transplanting raspberries in the fall to a new place, breeding methods and further care for the bushes.
The content of the article
Reasons for transplanting raspberries to a new place in the fall
Autumn is the optimal period for transferring bushes to a new place... The plant completes fruiting and produces new buds.
The main reasons for the transplant:
- depletion of the soil;
- decreased productivity;
- deterioration in the taste of berries;
- reduction in the size of berries;
- thickening of landings;
- the spread of diseases and pests.
The transplant stimulates the growth of young shoots and the renewal of the bush... The procedure is performed once every 4-5 years. If the plant retains its original characteristics, the transplant is postponed for 2-3 years.
Transplant timing
The optimal time for transferring raspberries to a new place is a month before first ground frosts.
Depending on the climatic conditions of each region procedure is performed:
- in October - November - in the south (Krasnodar Territory);
- in September - in the middle lane (Moscow region);
- in late August - early September - in Siberia and the Urals.
Inspection will help determine the readiness of the plant for transplantation: the fruits should fully ripen, replacement buds appear on the root collar. This usually happens at the end of the growing season. On bushes of early varieties, such buds are formed in September, late ones - in October.
Work on moving raspberries to a new place in the fall is completed before frost... Then the bushes will be able to take root and will not suffer from the cold.
Favorable days according to the lunar calendar for transplanting raspberries for 2020:
- August: 21-23, 27, 30-31;
- September: 1, 5-10, 14-17, 22, 23, 26-28;
- October: 1, 2, 4-8, 11-14, 19, 20, 24, 25, 28-31;
- November: 3, 4, 7-11, 16, 17, 20, 21, 25, 26, 30.
Choice of location and proximity to other plants
The site for planting raspberries is chosen in partial shade, with protection from gusty winds and drafts... With a deficit of sunlight, young shoots are stretched into growth, forming thin and long internodes. The lower part of the shoots is exposed, which leads to a decrease in productivity.
Raspberries are demanding on soil moisture and react painfully to its lack... This is due to the superficial location of the roots and the rapid evaporation of moisture from wide leaves. At the same time, the culture does not tolerate waterlogging and high groundwater occurrence. Excess moisture provokes the death of the roots and the death of the plant.
Raspberries are also demanding on the composition of the soil... The average period of growing raspberries in one place is 10-15 years. During this period, most of the nutrient components are washed out of the soil.
Experienced gardeners recommend following the rules of crop rotation. Bushes cannot be planted in the place of another raspberry, next to potatoes, strawberries, tomatoes, fruit trees due to the risk of infection with the same fungi and bacteria.
The best predecessors of raspberries: zucchini, alfalfa, mustard, oats, rye, peas, beans, cucumbers, onions, garlic, currants, gooseberries.
Selection and preparation of seedlings for transplantation
Strong, healthy bushes with a developed rhizome are suitable for transplanting... The root diameter must be at least 1 cm.
An important nuance: the root system of the main bush and root growth is common. Accordingly, they have one power source. In the process of digging a bush, the roots are inevitably damaged, and the plant spends energy on developing roots, and not building up shoots and green mass. What is the right thing to do? Before digging and transplanting, it is recommended to cut the raspberry bush strongly, leaving no more than 40-60 cm in height, and tear off all the foliage on young seedlings.
It can be useful:
Soil preparation
The culture needs fertile soil and only then gives a bountiful harvest... Suitable soil types are loamy and sandy loamy with neutral acidity (pH = 6.5-7). Acidic soil is deoxidized with dolomite flour, slaked lime (400-500 g / m²), wood ash (500 g / m²).
The site is pre-cleaned of plant residues and weedsas they deplete and dry the soil, they become a haven for pests and fungi.
The soil is prepared 3-4 months before transplanting... Fertility is increased with compost or rotted manure (6-8 kg / m²), superphosphate (30-40 g / m²), potassium sulfate (30-40 g / m²), wood ash (1 l / m²).
In autumn they bring more potassium-phosphorus fertilizers, in the spring - organic... Nitrogen fertilizers applied in the fall have a negative effect on the development of plants in winter.
Some gardeners put fertilizers in the holes during the transplanting process, reducing the amount by 2 times. Pour 5 cm of soil on top.
Important! When planting a seedling with a bare rhizome, it is not recommended to use fresh manure and mineral fertilizers. They are able to burn damaged roots, which will lead to a delay in plant growth or its death.
Transplant technology
How to transplant a plant in the fall? Raspberries are transplanted by bush (in planting holes) or by tape (in a trench)... For each technology, there are certain rules for planting depth and creating gaps between seedlings.
Trench method
This method is used to transplant regular raspberries.... Trenches 1.5-2 m long, 40-45 cm deep, 50-60 m wide are formed on the site.
But the bottom is laid with rotted scraps of boards, sawdust, branches, on top - compost and mineral fertilizers, if before that work was not carried out to increase the nutritional value of the soil.
Plant roots are dipped in a solution of clay and mullein, and then sprinkled with earth... The bushes are placed in trenches at intervals of 40 cm from each other. The soil is evenly poured on top and the plantings are watered. The plot is mulched with sawdust, straw, peat.
Council. Place the trenches from northeast to southwest. This will provide better warming up of the plantings with sunlight in the morning and afternoon.
Pit method
Pitting, or bush, method is used to transplant remontant raspberries... On the plot, holes are dug 40 cm deep and 60 cm in diameter.The row spacing is 1.5 m.The interval between the bushes is 70-100 cm.
The methods for preparing the root system of seedlings and holes are identical to the trench method.... After planting, the soil is watered, compacted and covered with mulch.
Reference. Repaired raspberry varieties are characterized by continuous flowering and formation of ovaries in summer. Berries are tied until frost.
Reproduction methods
Raspberries reproduce by dividing the bush and root shoots... The first method is used when replanting old bushes.
Plant propagated by lignified autumn and spring young offspring, green and root cuttings.
By dividing the bush
Old raspberry bushes are transplanted by division... For this purpose, healthy and strong specimens are selected.
Trenches or holes are dug in the prepared area. The bushes are carefully dug in from all sides, placing the shovel strictly vertically... If it is dipped at an angle, there is a risk of damaging the main roots. The plant is removed from the soil along with an earthen clod. In the case of planned transportation, the rhizome is placed in a bag of wet paper or wrapped in wet spunbond.
Bush divided by hand or with a garden knife... The seedlings are immersed in trenches or holes, deepening the root collar by 2-3 cm. Earth is poured on top, tamped and watered (5 liters per 1 bush). As soon as the soil subsides, more soil is poured on top and mulched with peat, straw or sawdust with a layer of 5 cm.
Root shoots
Root shoots are young shoots that emerge from adventitious root buds a plant stretched out. They grow near the main bush at a distance of 30-70 cm.
Transplanting root shoots is similar to transplanting an adult plant with the exception of a few points. Often, reproduction by this method is carried out in the spring - by young green offspring. Their length reaches 15-25 cm, and the root system is actively developing.
By autumn, these processes will coarsen and stretch up to 50 cm in height, and the trunk will become woody... In this case, the aerial part is shortened by half, leaving 20-25 cm. After planting, young seedlings are shaded with a special mesh fiber or a thin cotton cloth. After a week, the shelter is removed. During this time, the seedlings will have time to take root.
Take a note:
Post-transplant care
Raspberry care rules:
- The bushes are watered once every 7 days, if the planting is not mulched, 3 liters per 1 m².
- Shoots are pressed to the ground to prevent freezing in winter. Steel wire is suitable for this purpose. The procedure is performed when the ground is covered with an ice crust. Then the bushes will be completely covered with snow.
- Weeds are harvested as they grow.
- The first feeding is carried out in 2-3 weeks: a solution of a mullein 1:10, 1 liter per 1 bush and a solution of "Kornevin" for better survival of the root system.
Conclusion
Experienced gardeners recommend replanting some of the raspberries to a new place so as not to lose all plantings. The bushes are transferred from late August to November. For common varieties of raspberries, the trench planting method is used, for remontants, the pit planting method. Further care of the plantings provides for the garter of the seedlings, watering, and the introduction of organic fertilizers.