Step-by-step instructions for planting a peach in the fall from experienced gardeners
Peach is a tree with a capricious character, so the autumn planting of seedlings requires thorough preparation. Despite the difficulties and some nuances, the tree has every chance to take root if high-quality insulation is provided. Thanks to the dormant period, the plant takes root better, it is not disturbed by diseases and is not attacked by pests.
From the article you will learn how to plant a peach correctly and when it is better to replant it - in spring or autumn.
The content of the article
Choosing a peach variety for autumn planting
Experienced gardeners recommend to take into account zoning and purchase seedlings in local nurseries... This will give the tree a better chance of surviving the climate.
In the south of the country, you can choose any variety you like, but the further north the region, the more it is necessary to take into account the frost resistance of the tree. In the Urals and Siberia, it is best to postpone the planting of a peach in the spring.
Frost-resistant varieties include Fairy tale, Flamingo and Sibiryak, they are suitable for planting in the Urals and Siberia. For the Northwestern region, self-pollinating species are chosen, for example, Cardinal, Golden Moscow, Collins. It is not recommended to plant early peaches in Central Russia - the flowers will easily be damaged by sudden frosts.
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Selection and preparation of seedlings
Choosing a variety is half the battle, after that you need to select high-quality planting materialotherwise all work will be in vain. A peach seedling should not be higher than 1.5 m, and the trunk diameter should not be more than 2 cm. Otherwise, the tree will die.
The root system must be:
- well branched;
- not dried;
- with a central root and at least three lateral roots.
A strong and powerful root system speaks of high-quality planting material... It is best if the plant is 2 years old, and the distance between the graft and the root collar is about 7 cm. The surface of the trunk should be glossy and smooth.
Attention! The presence of cracks, wounds, insects, twisted leaves and other signs of the disease on the seedling indicates its unsuitability for planting.
A high-quality and healthy seedling will help you get a high yield of peaches every year.
Seat selection
Peach does not tolerate a transplant, and therefore the place must be chosen immediately the right one... This tree loves warmth, does not tolerate drafts and excess moisture. First of all, the summer resident will need to explore the site for the adjacent groundwater and find the driest place.
It is best to plant a peach in the southern part of the site., making sure that the shadow from the house or barn does not fall on the plant. You should not plant the tree next to other horticultural crops. A fence or hedge to the north of the tree is an excellent defense.
Peach doesn't like lowlands... Even if there is no groundwater there, rain will still accumulate in this place. It is better to plant trees on some hill or hill. Also, there should be no adult trees near the peach, they will oppress it.
Interesting! The best precursors for peach are tomatoes or potatoes.
When planting several trees, maintain a distance between them at least 2.5 m.
Landing dates
In central Russia, peaches are planted no later than September 15 - the tree will have time to take root and winter well. In the southern regions, disembarkation is postponed until mid-October, and under favorable weather conditions - early November. The northern regions are still not worth the risk, the tree will not have time to take root and will freeze in winter. Better to postpone the procedure until spring.
When to plant: spring or autumn
Gardeners often prefer spring tree planting., including peaches. They explain this by the fact that during the summer the tree will have time not only to take root, but also to get stronger, as a result it will more easily endure the winter. However, a young tree will have to spend more energy on building up green mass and growing new branches than on developing roots.
Experienced gardeners assure that autumn planting is much better and healthier for a peach... In winter, there are no pests, the risk of diseases is reduced to a minimum, there is time to build up the root system and strengthen it. In the spring, such a tree begins active growth and vegetation.
Attention! Planting late will damage the tree. If frosts have begun, then it is better to abandon the venture - the tree will not have time to get stronger and will die.
How to properly plant a peach in the fall
A couple of months before planting the seedlings, they prepare the site, remove weeds and other debris... In order for the earth to be saturated with oxygen, it is dug up several times.
Required materials and tools
Planting a peach will require a shovel to dig a hole and fertilizer... It is best to use organic and chemical products together.
Interesting! There is no need to fertilize black soil; it is enough to sow it with grain crops, for example, rye or oats, several years before planting.
Peach loves feeding, and therefore it is important to control the quality of the land and the content of useful vitamins and minerals in it. Good drainage is also needed.
Step-by-step instruction
To plant a peach in two weeks, perform the following actions:
- Dig a hole with a diameter and depth of at least 80 cm.
- Fill in 10 cm of drainage, it is best to use gravel, broken brick and other materials.
- A nutrient mixture is introduced from manure, wood ash, peat, superphosphate and garden soil.
The day before planting the seedlings, the roots are immersed in water, and to stimulate their growth, add "Kornevin" or another root-forming drug.
The next day they start planting a seedling:
- A recess is made in the pit, which will correspond to the roots of the peach tree.
- Pour in a bucket of water and wait until it is completely absorbed.
- If there is damage to the roots, remove them with a secateurs.
- Place the peach in the center of the hole, gently straighten the roots.
- They are covered with garden soil, keeping the root collar 4 cm above the soil surface.
- The periosteal circle is trampled down, and a side is formed along its edge.
- Water the tree, tie it to a stable support and mulch it with peat or straw.
Further care of the seedling
To prevent the peach from freezing in winter, it is carefully insulated... Make a mound in the trunk circle using ordinary soil. An elevation of about 30 cm will save the root system from frost.
A bag is used as additional protection... For this, an empty sugar or sackcloth is suitable.
How to "dress" a tree for the winter:
- Stick two long tonic sticks on the sides of the tree.
- Put a bag on them so that the tree is inside.
- Attach with construction staples or bury the bag in the ground so that the wind does not blow it away.
- For air intake, make a small hole in the bag on the south side of the tree.
This design will protect from cold and wind, as well as from various pests, such as hares.
In the spring, after the onset of stable heat, the shelter is removed and formative pruning is carried out, remove the soil from the tree trunk, release the graft, water and mulch.
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Landing nuances depending on the region
In order for the peach to take root and bring delicious and aromatic fruits every year, choose the right plant variety. A mistake made at this stage will lead to irreversible consequences and the plant will die.
When planting a peach, take into account the peculiarities of the region and weather conditions... If the planting dates are not met, then it will be difficult for the seedling to survive the winter, it will not get stronger and die. It is also important to consider the age of the plant. If the seedling is more than two years old, then it will be more difficult for it to take root, it will most likely be sick for a long time in a new place.
Attention! Peach is a delicate tree, a fruit lover will need to not only plant a plant correctly and in a timely manner, but also take care of it in the future, following the recommendations of experienced gardeners.
Peach loves moisture, but does not tolerate its stagnation, and therefore in the southern regions the tree is watered more often... It is important that, due to heavy rainfall, liquid does not accumulate in the roots of the peach.
Removing weeds is a prerequisite for growing a peach tree in all regions, regardless of the climate. Partially this is handled by mulching the soil in the trunk circle.
Different additives will be required depending on the soil composition:
in regions with heavy clay soil, river sand, high-quality drainage, as well as up to 1 kg of ash per pit and 250 g of superphosphate are introduced;- in peat areas, 100 g of potassium chloride, 350 g of lime and up to 400 g of superphosphate are used, a little clay is also added;
- areas with gray soil are fertilized with complex fertilizing according to the instructions;
- leached chernozem is diluted with humus - about 10 kg, 250 g of lime and 150 g of superphosphate are added, potassium chloride in an amount of 35 g per pit will be useful;
- podzolic soils require the addition of potassium-containing fertilizers - about 55 g, ammonium nitrate - 70 g and about 200 g of superphosphate;
- podzolized soil is supplied with complex fertilizers containing nitrogen and potassium or 200 g of ash and superphosphate.
Peach loves trace elements and vitamins, and therefore they will have to be made annually.
Conclusion
When planting a peach, it is important to take into account the characteristics of the region and choose a variety that is best adapted to climatic conditions.
Experts recommend purchasing seedlings from local nurseries - such plants are more adapted and zoned in accordance with growing conditions. When planting a seedling, all the features of the tree are taken into account, the indicated recommendations are followed, then after a few years the peach will delight with the first juicy fruits.