How and when to plant red beans for a better harvest

Beans are considered one of the most ancient and valuable legumes. It supplies pure protein to the body. The homeland of red beans is South America. Red beans are richer in chemical composition than other varieties and are among the top ten healthiest vegetables. The body absorbs the proteins of its beans by 75%.

Description and characteristics

Depending on the characteristics and method of consumption, beans are divided into shelling, semi-sugar and sugar beans. Red beans belong to shelling.

It is an annual climbing plant with beautiful flowers, long pods and bright red fruits. Red kidney beans are crescent-shaped. Color - from burgundy to variegated pink. She has the densest shell, tender, slightly oily pulp with a pleasant nutty flavor.

Provided agronomic conditions are observed, it gives a good harvest.

It is known that beans can replace meat. By consuming large amounts of it, you will enrich your body in a short time. vitamins group B and fiber.

Reference.100 g of cooked beans per day provides the body with all its micronutrient needs.

The composition of red beans contains vitamins of group B, C, H and PP and almost all minerals necessary for a person: calcium and potassium, copper, manganese, magnesium and zinc, iron, cobalt, nickel and aluminum, phosphorus and sodium.

The calorie content of red beans is about 310 kcal per 100 g of product.

The benefits and harms of red beans for the body

Raw beans contain toxic substances, so they must be cooked. At the same time, red beans have the highest concentration of such substances. In its raw form, it causes diarrhea and, in rare cases, severe poisoning.

It should be used with caution by people with gastrointestinal problems., especially in the acute stage. And with gout, gastritis, colitis, ulcers and cholecystitis, it is included in the list of prohibited foods.

Children are advised to give beans with caution and only after three years. Beans increase gas and flatulence, which can cause cramping and bloating in young children. In the first years of life, a baby may have digestive problems as a result of eating beans, he will suffer from prolonged constipation.

Pregnant women and elderly people should not get carried away with beans.

Beans are beneficial for women. Many ingredients in this product help maintain the beauty of skin, hair and nails.

It is believed that it is red beans that are most rich in antioxidants that prevent aging, protect the cardiovascular system, and help in the prevention of cancer. By their number, it can compete with currants.

For those on a vegetarian diet, it is an alternative source of protein.

The benefits of canned beans are quite high. With this form of processing, it retains up to 70% of vitamins and up to 80% of minerals compared to fresh beans.

When losing weight

Scientists have shown that beans contain enzymes that slow down the synthesis of alpha-amylase. This substance affects the breakdown of polysaccharides, resulting in the release of monosaccharides, which enter the bloodstream directly from the intestines. With a lack of monosaccharides, carbohydrates are poorly broken down.

Eating red beans reduces appetite.

It does not have a characteristic smell and unpleasant taste, which allows you to cook various dishes from it.

The most common way to consume it for weight loss is a bean broth, which should be drunk during lunch and dinner.

How to grow

Beans like slightly alkaline or neutral soil. To do this, wood ash is introduced into the soil before planting. It is the most thermophilic legume crop and tolerates drought well. In this regard, the minimum growing temperature is 10-12 ° C, the maximum is 37 ° C. The optimum is 25-30 ° C.

The plant is very sensitive to frost, at a temperature of -1 ° C, it dies.

Landing

The site for planting should be well lit, not blown by the wind and not swampy. You can fertilize the soil with humus or rotted compost (6-10 kg per 1 m²). Before planting, it is better to soak the planting material in water or a weak solution of potassium permanganate for additional disinfection (enough for one day).

Important! Change the water several times during the soaking period.

It is recommended to sow the seeds at a distance of 15 cm from each other to a depth of 5-6 cm. After planting, it is enough to pour warm water.

Top dressing and watering

If the plants develop poorly, they can be fed with ammonium nitrate and potassium salt (2-3 g each), superphosphate (4-6 g per 1 m²). After three weeks, a second feeding should be done, but without nitrogen.

In dry weather, plants are watered until 4-5 true leaves are formed. Watering very important during fruit setting.

Harvesting

Harvest after the pods are fully ripe, when they are already dry. Cut off the shoots near the surface of the soil, tie them into bunches, then hang them in a dry, well-ventilated area (for example, in a barn or in an attic).

After half a month, when the seeds are dry, they are husked and placed in glass containers, covered with a lid.

Plant roots are left in the ground: decomposing, they saturate the ground with nitrogen.

Prevention of diseases and pests

Most often this crop is injured by garden and cabbage scoops. They lay their eggs on the lower parts of the bush. Then their larvae eat the plant. To prevent their appearance in the fall, you should dig deep into the soil.

With improper care and non-observance of agrotechnical standards, plants can be infected with bacteriosis, anthracosis or viral mosaic (it is incurable).

To avoid infection with diseases, the rules of crop rotation and care cannot be neglected. If, nevertheless, the plants become ill with bacteriosis or anthracosis, they are removed from the site and destroyed. Then the bushes and the garden bed are treated with Bordeaux mixture.

During germination, the beans can be harmed by the sprout fly. During the summer, she develops three generations. Therefore, it is necessary to create conditions for the rapid germination of seeds and carefully incorporate manure into the ground, applied as fertilizer, since the fly lays its eggs under wet lumps of soil, especially with poorly sealed manure.

Red Bean Recipes

Red bean dishes are very satisfying due to the presence of a large amount of protein and carbohydrates, healthy and tasty.

Lobio with tomato paste

Products:

• dry beans - 1 cup;
• tomato paste - 0.5 cups;
• vegetable oil - 2 tbsp. l .;
• spices for pilaf - 0.5 tbsp. l .;
• cilantro or parsley - 50 g;
• garlic - 5 cloves;
• salt - 0.5 tsp. (taste).

Sort the beans, wash and soak for 2-6 hours. Then cook in 1 liter of water for about an hour until cooked.

Clear garlic, chop finely. Wash greens, chop finely.

Pour oil into a preheated pan, add tomato paste and fry it for about 2-3 minutes. Then add beans, spices, herbs, garlic, salt and simmer for 2-3 minutes over low heat.

Bean ragout with potatoes

Products:

• beans - 1 cup;
• potatoes - 700 g;
• onions - 1-2 pcs.;
• tomato paste - 3-4 tbsp l .;
• vegetable oil - 2 tbsp. l .;
• salt - 1 tsp;
• ground black pepper - 0.25 tsp;
• greens - 2-3 branches.

Soak the beans for 10-12 hours, then boil until soft. Peel the potatoes and cut into large wedges. Pour the bean infusion over it and cook until tender (about 10 minutes).

Peel and finely chop the onion. Fry in oil until golden brown over low heat. Add tomato paste to it and simmer for 2-3 minutes. Then add salt, pepper, spices and simmer for another minute.

Add beans, prepared dressing and water (about 0.5 cups) to potatoes.

Close the pan with a lid and simmer over low heat or in the oven until cooked. Serve hot with sprigs of herbs.

Conclusion

Growing red beans on your site, you will receive not only a healthy and amazing food product. It will complement any corner of your garden with its beauty. Beans are also considered an excellent green manure: they enrich the soil with nitrogen and prepare it well for the next crops.