How to grow Chinese cabbage in the garden in the open field and at home

Peking cabbage (Chinese) is a plant of the Cabbage family. Summer residents fell in love with this vegetable for its rich in vitamins and minerals composition and pleasant, delicate taste. To get a good harvest of Chinese cabbage, it is important to know the rules for planting, growing and caring for it.

How to grow Chinese cabbage in the open field

Like all representatives of the species, this vegetable happens different varieties, which are divided into three groups: early ripening, mid-ripening and late. Depending on the region, the vegetable is planted in a seedling and non-seedling way.

Peking cabbage is grown through seedlings in cold climates, through sowing seeds in the ground - in warm climates.

Seeds for seedlings are immediately placed in separate containers, since when transplanted from a common box to a permanent place, the roots of the plant are damaged.

Seedlings grown directly in the open field are more resistant to the development of diseases and temperature changes.

Where does Beijing cabbage grow

Peking cabbage is more picky about the place of cultivation outdoors than other members of the Cabbage family. To avoid shooting, early varieties are planted in shaded areas. Late ones are allowed to grow in well-lit places, as they are planted in open ground in the middle of summer, when the daylight hours are already shorter.

The best predecessors of this vegetable:

• phacelia;
• legumes;
• chicory;
• potatoes;
• plants of the Onion family;
• tomatoes;
• celery;
• melons (melon, pumpkin, cucumbers).

You cannot plant this vegetable after other members of the Cabbage family (turnip, radish, radish, rapeseed, mustard, horseradish, turnip), as they have common diseases.

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How to plant Chinese cabbage

When sowing a plant for seedlings use separate containers for each seedling or peat tablets.

To grow seedlings, use ready-made store-bought mixtures or make the soil yourself, mixing sand and turf in a 1: 1 ratio. For disinfection, wood ash is added to the soil (1 tbsp. L per 1 liter of soil mixture) and spilled with a strong solution of potassium permanganate.

When sowing seeds directly into the soil experienced gardeners are advised to add mineral fertilizers to it. For 1 sq. m use potassium and ammonium nitrate 1 tbsp. l. and superphosphate in the same proportion.

To make the heads of cabbage large, the distance between the rows is kept at 50 cm, between the seedlings - 30 cm.

At what temperature does it grow and is it afraid of frost

Peking cabbage ripens quickly, so it is planted several times per season.... For the first seedlings, seeds are sown in March and April, the second time in July and August.

Also the timing of planting a vegetable in open ground depends on the region:

• in the southern regions, seeds for seedlings are sown at the end of February, the second time at the end of August;
• in Siberia and the Urals - at the end of March, again - at the end of July;
• in the Central lane and the Moscow region - in the second half of April, the second time - in early August.

Peking cabbage is a thermophilic plant, therefore, the optimum temperature for seedlings is + 22 ° C.For planting in a permanent place, the soil must warm up to + 15 ° C, air - up to + 20 ° C.

Important! Vegetable seedlings do not tolerate low temperatures well and go into the arrow or die if they are kept at temperatures below + 13 ° C for a long time.

Ripening and vegetation terms

In agricultural technology, Peking cabbage is considered an early ripening vegetable. The growing season depends on the type of vegetable:

• in early maturing, it is 35-50 days;
• in mid-season - 55-80 days;
• in the late ones - from 70 days.

Early and mid-season types of Peking cabbage are recommended to be eaten immediately after ripening, as they are bad are kept... Late varieties retain their taste for 3-6 months.

Peking cabbage care

The technology for growing Chinese cabbage includes timely watering and feeding with mineral and organic fertilizers.

Watering

Peking cabbage is poured with warm water... In dry weather - once every 3-4 days, in rainy weather - once every seven days. With heavy precipitation, the vegetable does not need additional moisture.

Required focus on soil moisture, since more than 65% can lead to rot damage to the vegetable root.

Important! Peking cabbage is watered only at the root, since the water that gets on the leaves causes them to burn.

Top dressing

For a good harvest, the plant fed several times per season... The first time fertilization is applied 14 days after planting in a permanent place. To do this, use one of the following solutions:

• mullein infusion (1 kg per 10 liters of water);
• poultry droppings (500 g per 10 liters of water);
• nitroammofosk (1 tsp per 10 liters of liquid).

Organic fertilizers are applied 1 liter under each bush, mineral - 10 liters per 1 sq. m.

The second and third feeding is applied at equal time intervals.making up 14 days. The following means are used for this:

• wood ash (200 g per 10 l);
• boric acid solution (2 g per 10 l).

Early varieties planted in well-fertilized soil, do not need additional feeding.

Is it possible to dive Chinese cabbage

Seedlings of this plant do not tolerate transplanting well., therefore, the seeds are sown in separate pots or in peat tablets. Seedlings grown in a common box do not take root well during transplantation and may die.

Planting seedlings in separate containers occurs according to the following algorithm:

• wait for 2-3 true leaves;
• spill the soil thoroughly in the box and transplant containers;
• using a spatula, carefully remove the seedling;
• place it in a separate container, burying it into the soil to the cotyledon leaves;
• compact the soil around the plant;
• put on a windowsill, protected from direct sunlight.

Only healthy, strong seedlings are transplanted.

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How to grow Chinese cabbage at home

Peking cabbage is successfully grown not only in the garden, but also at home on the windowsill... For this, there are special early hybrids that yield a crop within a month after planting the seeds.

Growing from seeds on a windowsill

To harvest Chinese cabbage on the windowsill early semi-cabbage and leafy varieties are suitable... These include:

• Ibinskaya;
• Lenok;
• Semi-cabbage;
• TLCA 2;
• Vesnyanka;
• Broadleaf.

The growing season of such species varies from 30 to 60 days.... They are distinguished by increased resistance to disease and stress resistance.

How to put in jars correctly

For planting, use ready-made bio-soil, which includes vermiculite, biohumus and low-lying peat, or prepare the soil on their own. To do this, mix humus, sand, garden soil in proportions of 2: 1: 1. Then the mixture is disinfected with boiling water, strong manganese solution or "Fitosporin" (1 drop - 1 drop).

Seeds are planted in separate pots, which must have drainage holes. Landing occurs according to the following algorithm:

1. Pour soil into pots.
2. Spill with warm water.
3. Place the seeds 5-10 mm deep.
4. Sprinkle with a small layer of soil.
5. Spill one more time.
6. Close the container with glass or plastic wrap.
7. Remove containers to a warm place (+ 20… + 25 ° C).
8. After the emergence of sprouts, for 3-5 days, remove the shelter and put the pots on the windowsill, protecting the seedlings from direct sunlight.

No need to fertilize Chinese cabbage grown on the windowsill, as it has enough nutrients contained in the soil.

Basic rules for planting Beijing cabbage in the fall (before winter)

Peking cabbage is planted in the soil not only in spring but also in autumn... The main condition is the correct choice of seeds. Mid-season and late varieties tolerate winter cold best.

The seeds are laid in the soil when already stable cold has come and there is no danger of premature shoots. In this case, the soil is prepared in advance. The ridge is dug on a full bayonet of a shovel and the same fertilizers are applied to the soil as when planting in spring.

Then make grooves with a depth of 2-5 cm and cover the bed with a dense plastic wrap... With the onset of stable cold weather, the seeds are laid in depressions, sprinkled with earth and tamped well.

Important! Before the autumn planting, the seeds are not treated with growth stimulants and are not soaked.

In spring, seedlings must be protected from frost using a special covering material or greenhouse film. After the plants get stronger, they are thinned out.

As additional protection planting Chinese cabbage is mulched with straw, hay or sawdust.

Conclusion

Peking cabbage is one of the finest vegetables in the Cabbage family. But if you follow all the rules of cultivation, timely watering and feeding, you can get a good harvest several times per season.