The best potato varieties: "Naiada", "Madeira", "Chaika" and others

There are more than 50 thousand types of potatoes in the world, 283 of them are approved for use in Russia. But how to choose the best option for yourself? We have collected information that will help you understand this variety and choose the right varieties for planting, based on their pros, cons and advice from experienced gardeners.

General description and characteristics of early, late and mid-late varieties

Early potato varieties are classified by ripening time as follows:

• ultra early ripen within 45-55 days;
• early ripening takes 50-60 days to reach ripeness;
• medium early are used for food after 60-85 days.

Late varieties are distributed in terms of ripening as follows:

• mid-season tubers are harvested after 85-95 days;
• medium late use after 95-110 days;
• the late ones need 95 or more days to reach ripeness.

When choosing seed, it is recommended to be guided by how quickly the variety ripens, where it comes from, in what climatic conditions it will be planted. When considering late varieties of potatoes for planting, read the description of the crop and see the photo of the future harvest, so as not to make the wrong choice.

Important! Tubers of early-maturing varieties and hybrids are rarely exposed to fungal infections.

When choosing a variety for planting in a difficult climatic zone of the Moscow region, you should remember about protection from pests and diseases. In this region, it is better to plant early and medium early potatoes, since the late ones may not have time to ripen.

In the southern regions of Russia, late varieties are cultivated, since the summer weather lasts there from May to September.

Chemical composition, trace elements and vitamins

The main indicator of the quality and nutritional value of potato tubers is the chemical composition. The amount of water in early potatoes is 78-87%, in the mid-season it ranges from 73 to 82%, and in the late - 70-83%. The rest is the dry matter fraction.

The main component of dry matter is starch, its proportion in grams:

• for early varieties - 9.7-18.5;
• for mid-ripening - 14.9-20.6;
• the largest amount contains late varieties - 12.3-26.3.

The amount of sugar, proteins, acids and vitamins is presented in the table:

Potato tubers also contain mineral salts - 1%, fiber - 1%, fats - 0.1%, organic acids - 1.6%.

Tuber characteristics and yield

The most popular varieties from the category of early ones in Russia are Timo, Impala, Zhukovsky early, Kholmogorsky, Gala, Romano. They are distinguished by a short growing season and strong immunity, that is, they are resistant to diseases. Each hectare yields 35-60 tons. Tubers of medium size, weighing from 80 to 190 g.

Late: Asterix, Saturn, Zarnitsa, Picasso. These potatoes contain a lot of starch, so the tubers boil quickly. The harvest is stored for a long time. The tubers weigh from 60 to 150 g.

The yield of late potatoes reaches 300 centners per hectare, depending on the variety and climatic conditions.Due to the long growing season, late species are susceptible to late blight and scab.

When choosing planting material for mid-season varieties, it is necessary, first of all, to pay attention to resistance to late blight disease, since the growing season coincides with the timing of its spread. Mid-season potatoes are harvested and stored in August.

Growing region and planting dates

For each climatic zone, potato species suitable for cultivation are zoned. Only under the condition of correctly selected planting material can you achieve a good harvest and not waste time and energy.

Moscow suburbs

Refers to the zone of problem farming. Summer here is not always warm and dry. The climate is moderately continental, its main distinctive features are mild winters and rainy summers with night and day temperature drops. The first frosts can hit in early September. In such conditions, early varieties should be planted. The best for this climate: Impala, Zhukovsky early, Spring, Luck, Sineglazka.

It is recommended to start the preparation of planting material in the 20th of March. Tubers are germinated until sprouts appear at a temperature of + 20 ... + 24 ° C. Then they are placed in a cool place for hardening.

Reference. Folk omens advise watching dandelions: as soon as these plants have their first buds, this means that the ground is already warmed up enough to plant potatoes in it.

Siberia

The region has a sharply continental climate with spring frosts and short summers with heavy rains in August. Early and mid-early varieties were developed for this region: Tuleyevsky, Nevsky, Adretta, Impala, Luck, Lyubava... Tubers in Siberia are planted from mid-May to mid-June.

Siberia is located in three time zones, so there is no average potato planting time for such a vast territory. Local summer residents are guided by the time of the last frost on the ground.

Many people follow folk signs and look at a birch leaf near the site. If it has reached the size of a penny, this means that the soil has warmed up to the required temperature and it is time to plant potatoes.

In order for the seedlings to rise quickly and get as much spring sun as possible, seed material is germinated in Siberia before planting. The crop is harvested in early September.

Ural

It is famous for its short warm period, so early and mid-season potatoes are cultivated here.: Good luck, Timo, Riviera, Impala, Gala, Nevsky. Frosts are not uncommon here even in June.

The best time to plant potato tubers in this region is June 10-12, when the danger of frost has passed. In the Urals, it is customary to plant potatoes under straw, which, being above the plantings, releases a large amount of nitrogen. Bushes in this case grow powerful, and tubers - large.

Middle zone of Russia

This region is characterized by a temperate climate and high humidity. It is warm here in summer from May to October. For such areas, varieties are bred:

• early - Bellarosa, Impala;
• middle - Rosara, Sante, Slavyanka;
• later - Picasso, Zhuravinka.

Potatoes in the middle lane are planted in late April - early May in a soil warmed up to 8 ° C.

South

For the south of Russia, hot summers and lack of moisture are common. In this region, they manage to harvest the superearly varieties twice a season: Luck, Impala, Alena, Zhukovsky.

For bookmarking for the winter, late varieties are grown: Tempo, Picasso, Nikulinsky. The warm summer period in the south of the country lasts from March to October.

The best early, late and mid-late varieties

To determine the choice of variety for planting, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the main characteristics of the most popular potatoes.

Naiad

Mid-season, unpretentious potato resistant to nematodes and cancer.

Moderately susceptible to late blight in tops and resistant to tubers.Moderately resistant to scab virus. Suitable for cultivation in most regions of Russia.

It has large oblong tubers, of which there are 6-10 pieces under the bush. The yield is 193-370 kg / ha.

Growing regions: North, North-West, Central, Volgo-Vyatka, Central Black Earth, Ural, Far East.

Madeira

Medium early table variety. Tubers are oval, even, weighing 106-136 g. Average yield is from 202 to 481 c / ha. Resistant to scab, brown spot, potato crayfish.

Medium resistant to late blight. Unpretentious in cultivation. The main feature of the variety is that it needs careful digging of the soil. Madeira potatoes absorb nitrogen easily, so they should feed its nitrogenous fertilizers are less than other varieties.

Virgo

This variety is pink in color and thin skin. Tubers are elongated, with a flat, smooth surface, without eyes, weighing 100-150 g. Potatoes Virgo are resistant to diseases and pests.

It has a high yield: up to 1 kg of tubers are obtained from one potato bush per season. Undemanding to the quality of the soil, therefore it is grown everywhere in Russia.

Gull

Medium late grade... It is planted in May and harvested in September. The tubers are yellow, oval in shape, with eyes, weighing from 70 to 125 g. The main advantage is that it is perfectly stored.

The average yield is 240-400 c / ha. Seagull potatoes are suitable for growing in the Volgo-Vyatka and North-West regions. The variety is resistant to potato crayfish, but suffers from late blight and scab. Seeds should be treated with fungicides before planting.

Atlant

Late grade. Suitable for growing in the Central region. The average yield is 164-234 kg / ha. Tubers are oval-rounded, with medium-deep eyes, weighing 90-119 g. The crop is well kept.

Potatoes are resistant to the causative agent of potato cancer and golden nematodes, moderately susceptible to late blight in tops and tubers. Resistant to wrinkled, striped mosaics and leaf curling. Suitable for growing on all types of soil.

Pace

Late-ripening variety. The tubers are large, weighing from 100 to 250 g, with small eyes. 7-9 tubers of different sizes are usually formed under one bush. Potatoes tolerate transportation well and are stored for a long time.

Temp potatoes are grown in well-irrigated fields as they cannot tolerate drought. Under favorable conditions, the yield reaches 550 c / ha. The variety is resistant to late blight and cancer, but susceptible to viral diseases. Treatments against wireworm, nematode and Colorado potato beetle are mandatory.

Asterix

Elite universal variety with a late ripening period. It has tubers of medium size, oval shape, weighing 80-120 g. From 10 to 12 tubers are formed under each bush.

Resistant to cancer, phomosis, foliage twisting, late blight of tops and tubers. Also, it is not affected by the nematode. But Asterix potatoes are susceptible to the Y virus. Therefore, the bushes of this variety are necessarily treated with insecticides from aphids and leafhoppers.

Agria

Medium late potatoes, recommended for cultivation in the Central and Central Black Earth regions... Tubers are elongated oval, yellow, with superficial eyes. Weight - 72-135 g.

The variety is resistant to potato crayfish and golden nematode, but susceptible to late blight and common scab. It is moderately affected by leaf curling, slightly damaged by mosaics.

Krinitsa

Mid-season variety. Average yield - 498 kg / ha. It has round yellow tubers. Potatoes Krinitsa (Krynitsa) are resistant to nematodes and moderately resistant to viruses, late blight, common scab.

Multi-tuber, therefore, when grown, requires a more rarefied planting. Loves mineral feeding. In the second half of the growing season, in case of drought, it needs additional irrigation.

Purple Haze

Mid-season variety with a strong root system and 10-15 tubers under the bush. It has a high yield - 182-309 c / ha. Stored for a long time. Resistant to potato crayfish and leaf roll virus.

It is moderately susceptible to late blight, banded and wrinkled mosaics. Susceptible to nematode. It prefers fertile soils; in poor heavy soil, the yield is significantly reduced.

Tips from experienced gardeners

When planning to grow potatoes, it is helpful to seek advice from experienced gardeners.

We invite you to find out their recommendations:

1. Plant several varieties at once, ripening at different times. After harvesting, you can decide which variety is best for you.
2. When planting, pay attention to zoned varieties, test them first, as they are best suited for your region.
3. It is permissible to plant potatoes on the previous garden bed only after three years. But you can cheat: in the spring, as soon as the topsoil thaws, plant mustard, oats or rapeseed there. By mid-May, these herbaceous crops will have time to grow, and you will need to harvest them 10 days before planting the potatoes. In August - September, after harvesting, you can plant oats, peas, mustard on these beds. This way, you will always plant potatoes after grassy crops. And this will have a beneficial effect on his health and productivity.
4. The smaller the potato tuber, the larger the crop will be. Plant medium-sized tubers, or cut large potatoes so that there are several eyes on each part.
5. Having broken the tops two weeks after the beginning of flowering, you will get large and tasty potatoes, since the nutrients will go not to the development of the leaves, but to the tubers.
6. Do not plant sunflower next to potatoes - this plant has a depressing effect on the vegetable.

Reviews of early, mid-late and late varieties

Experienced gardeners help beginners by leaving feedback and sharing their experience of growing different varieties of potatoes.

Sergey, Tver: «For several years now I have been growing the mid-season potato variety Naiad, after I saw a photo of the crop from one farmer, and then read the description and reviews about it. Everything suits me in this potato, I especially like the large tubers - the harvest is collected quickly and without shaking up all the land around the bush. "

Anna, Pskov: “The soil on my site is depleted, so I planted Madeira - it does not need a lot of nitrogen, and in general, an unpretentious variety. I got a good harvest without much effort. "

Irina, Krasnodar: “Last year I planted the late Atlant potato variety, after reading its description and reviews about it and looking at the photo. I was surprised that he had not been ill with anything all summer. I planned it for winter storage, lay there until February. I often sorted it out - there were almost no spoiled tubers ”.

Conclusion

When choosing a variety for planting on the site, they initially determine which potatoes will have time to ripen in the region - early, mid-season or late. Then they compare the positive and negative sides of different varieties, yield, exactingness to the soil, resistance to diseases.

A complete analysis allows you to select potatoes that will yield a rich harvest and will not cause much trouble.