High-yielding, mid-season potato variety with a powerful root system "Yanka"

Not so long ago, scientists bred a potato variety called Yanka (Yana). Thanks to its excellent taste and unpretentious cultivation, it quickly gained recognition from experienced gardeners. Why is the Yanka variety so good?

Description of the variety

For a short time of existence, the variety managed to gain popularity among farmers due to its yield, resistance to diseases and pests, as well as its presentation.

Origin and development

The variety was bred by Belarusian breeders in the center of potato and horticulture in 2010. The scientists were faced with the task of breeding frost-resistant table potatoes, and for two years the variety was subjected to experimental test cultivation. In 2012, it was included in the state register of Russia.

Chemical composition, trace elements and vitamins

The Yanka variety, like any potato, contains a large amount of nutrients.

The chemical composition of the variety:

100 g of the product contains the following minerals and vitamins:

Ripening period

Yanka is classified as a mid-season variety - its tubers fully mature 95-120 days after planting in the soil. The harvesting period falls on the warm period of the Indian summer - from 10 to 24 September.

Yield

Among the main properties of any potato variety, yield is important. For Yankees, her indicators are as follows:

• from one hectare, on average, you can collect 195-311 centners;
• one potato bush yields 8-12 potatoes;
• the weight of one tuber is approximately 106 g;
• when digging, small and non-marketable tubers are removed from each bush in the amount of no more than 5% of the total.

Disease resistance

Compared to other potato varieties, Yanka shows a pronounced resistance to diseases such as potato cancer, wrinkled and banded mosaic, leaf roll virus, as well as to the pest of the golden cyst nematode. But due to sudden changes in temperature and high humidity, these diseases can make themselves felt.

Characteristics of tubers, description of appearance

Janka potato tubers are medium in size, regular oval. Small and deformed ones are rare. The color of the potatoes is uniformly yellow with small brown spots. The pulp is white or cream-colored, dense, juicy. The eyes are small, of unexpressed color, and there are few of them. The rhizome of the plant is powerful, widely branched.

During the growing season, the variety forms straight bushes up to 60 cm high with slightly drooping tops. Each bush has up to seven shoots with matte light green leaves of small size with a wavy edge.

Inflorescences are pale purple in color, large. The flowers are naturally pollinated and fall off before the berries form.

Growing regions and climate requirements

The originator recommends the Northwest and Central regions. However, practice has shown that due to its unpretentiousness, the variety can be grown in almost all regions of Russia.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

Yanka, like other potato varieties, has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Pros of the variety:

1. High yield rate.
2. Excellent presentation.
3. Taste qualities.
4. Adaptable to temperate climates and cool summers.
5. Lack of tendency to degeneration in seed.
6. Expressed immunity to potato cancer, golden potato cyst nematode, leaf-rolling virus.
7. High percentage of keeping quality - 95%.

The variety has very few disadvantages, and they are not so significant:

1. Poor tolerance of waterlogged soil.
2. Reduced yield at low air temperatures.

Difference from other varieties

Yanka has three main characteristics that distinguish her from others:

• average tuber weight - 90-106 g;
• yield - 195-311 c / ha;
• the starch content is 15-17.5%.

Features of planting and growing

Despite the unpretentiousness of the crop, a large yield of quality potatoes is the result of proper planting and care.

Preparing for landing

Before planting, you need to prepare the seed material. For sowing, both whole tubers and parts of potatoes are suitable. Tubers are sorted out, spoiled and too small potatoes are removed.

If there are few seeds, potatoes cut into pieces are used as seed. For this, it is necessary that there are 3-5 eyes on each part.

Important! When sowing in parts, to prevent damage by putrefactive bacteria, it is necessary to treat the seed with ash and leave to dry for 1-2 days.

In order for tubers planted in the ground to develop faster, they must be germinated. Germination is performed approximately one month before the expected day of planting. Prepared tubers are placed in a single layer in shallow plastic boxes with holes. After that, they are put one on one in a room near the window.

From time to time, the boxes are reversed. If planting will be done in halves, 10 days before sowing, the potatoes are cut into pieces with eyes. On the day of planting, it is recommended to soak the prepared material for one hour in Fitosporin.

Reference. "Fitosporin" is an effective remedy used by gardeners to prevent fungal diseases and potato rot.

Ground requirements

For planting the Janka variety, a soil with an acidity (pH) level of 5.5 to 7 is suitable. In this case, the site must have constant access to sunlight. It is advisable to add nutrients to the soil before planting and loosen it up.

Attention! Before planting, lime or dolomite flour must be added to acidic soil (pH 5.2) for deoxidation.

The variety grows well and gives yields on loamy and sandy loam soils. On peat soil or black soil, the yield will be large.

Timing, scheme and landing rules

The seed can be placed when the soil at a depth of 10 cm warms up to 6-8˚C. For the Central and North-West regions recommended for planting, this period begins in the second half of May. In more southern areas, planting can begin three weeks earlier.

Planting potatoes is equally effective in trenches, nests (holes), in beds or ridges.

Potatoes are planted to a depth of 10 cm, 35 cm between holes, with a row spacing of 70 cm.For a quick start to plant growth and increase yields, it is recommended to add humus or ash to the hole.

Two tubers are laid in the holes at a distance of 7 cm and covered with a layer of soil of 10 cm.

Important! The weight of potatoes or their parts for planting should not be less than 30 g, otherwise the harvest will be poor.

Growing features

It is recommended to loosen the soil well before planting. Poor precursors for the Yankees are tomatoes, peppers, eggplant, and tobacco. These crops have pathogens similar to potatoes that will make themselves felt. The most favorable predecessors: legumes, carrots, cabbage, meadow grasses, corn.

In order for Yanka potatoes to develop correctly and please with a rich harvest, it is necessary to properly water, fertilize, weed and fight diseases and insects.

Watering mode

If there is enough rainfall, the variety does not need irrigation. In most cases, potatoes are watered twice. First, when the first shoots appear - after about 14-15 days. The second time is during the period of bud formation.

Attention! Irrigation is recommended to be carried out in the evening under the root or along the furrows. Estimated water consumption - 3 liters of water per bush.

Top dressing

Start fertilizing potatoes it is possible within two weeks after the appearance of the first shoots. For these purposes, 1% urea is well suited. The ash solution is effective during the period of active growth: 300 g of ash are boiled in 3 liters of water for 25 minutes. After that, the solution is filtered and diluted to a volume of 10 liters.

Weeding and hilling

Potatoes are spud twice. The first is when the seedlings have reached a height of 15 cm, the second is before flowering. The most favorable time for the procedure is after rain, in the morning or in the evening. Weeding is recommended as often as possible, preferably after irrigation.

Important! Weed grass is an excellent breeding ground for the larvae of the click beetle (wireworm), which harm potatoes by eating holes in the tubers.

Disease and pest control

The variety suffers the most from such pests and diseases as the Colorado potato beetle, wireworm and rhizoctonia.

Colorado beetle

When the appearance pest it is recommended to use drugs "Aktara" or "Prestige". The use of these products provides protection for two months, therefore it is recommended to carry out the treatment in the middle of the vegetative cycle.

Wireworm

Click Beetle Larvae plant in the weed growing on the site, so it is best to constantly remove the weeds. The pest does not tolerate closeness with mustard.

Rhizoctonia

Fungal infection appears as dark spots on the surface of tubers and leaves and can occur at any stage of plant growth. You can prevent the appearance of infection by observing crop rotation and eliminating infected bushes. To stop the development of the disease should be means "Maxim", "Agat-25K" and "Bactofil".

Growing difficulties

Yanka is unpretentious, but it can behave unpredictably with sudden changes in air temperature and waterlogged soil. The harmful effect of these factors leads to a decrease in immunity to diseases and worsens productivity.

Harvesting and storage

Taking proper care of your potatoes does not guarantee that the crop will last well until spring. It is advisable to collect it correctly in order to keep the material of high quality by the next planting season.

How and when to collect

The peel of the tubers, which, under mechanical action, does not leave the pulp, indicates that the crop is ready for harvest. The second sign is the drying of the stems, which occurs about 100 days after planting the potatoes. Digging is done with a shovel or pitchfork.

Storage features and keeping quality of the variety

The extracted tubers are laid out to dry on the ground. At the same time, prolonged contact with the sun should be avoided if the potatoes are intended for food. Two hours is enough.When exposed to the sun, the tuber produces toxic solanine. You cannot eat such potatoes even after heat treatment. But for potatoes for planting, the production of solanine is extremely useful - such tubers are stored longer and are protected from being eaten by pests and rodents.

After two hours of air drying, the tubers are stored indoors and dried for two weeks without direct sunlight. It is recommended to gradually lower the temperature by 0.5-1 ° C. The entire drying process takes no more than one month.

Then the potatoes are ready for storage... Damaged and small tubers are removed, and the rest are packed in nets or filled up in wooden boxes.

Important! Even the most careful sorting of potatoes does not eliminate spoilage during storage. Therefore, it is necessary to sort out the crop several times during the storage period and eliminate the unusable tubers.

In the storehouse where potatoes are stored, it is necessary to maintain a constant temperature of + 2 ... + 4 ° C.

Suitable storage humidity is no more than 85%, which helps to avoid the appearance of mold. It is also recommended to fill the bottom of the storage with sand - this helps to avoid excessive moisture.

Before storage, you should carry out the procedure for disinfecting the room from fungal and bacterial infection.

Most of the Yankee harvest is perfectly preserved until spring - the keeping quality of the variety reaches 95%, subject to the recommendations for digging and storing.

Reviews of the Yanka variety

People who have already tried growing the variety on their plots leave mostly positive reviews.

Nikolay, Perm: «I have been planting potatoes for ten years. During this time, I managed to try several varieties. Last year, following the example of my neighbors, I planted Yanka (Yana) potatoes - I liked the characteristics of the variety. But among the neighbors it did not grow very well and the harvest was poor. Since I have experience, I decided to try it. Before planting, I cut half the seed crosswise into two-thirds. This method helps nutrients to better penetrate the tuber. The result is an excellent harvest. And the potatoes themselves are delicious, the family adores them. "

Lyudmila, Salavat: “Last year my husband and I saw a photo of Yanka potatoes, studied the description of the variety and planted it for the first time in our garden. They planted it as expected, but the harvest was not very successful, although everything was done according to the recommendations. It turned out that the culprit was the sunflower, which had been growing all over the site before. Even children eat potatoes with pleasure ”.

Conclusion

The Yanka variety is not susceptible to many potato diseases and adapts well to any climate and soil. And its excellent taste makes it a welcome guest on any table.