How to grow and apply green chili peppers and to whom is it contraindicated?

Spicy lovers appreciate green chili. Most often, it can be found in powder form in sauces. But it is used not only in cooking, but also in folk medicine and cosmetology. Some even grow it at home. To get a good harvest, you need to know the peculiarities of planting and care. In addition, pepper has contraindications that can be harmful to health. About this and not only - in our article.

What is this pepper

Green chili is an elongated green chilli with a shiny surface.

The pea-fruit grows like a liana shrub, clinging to nearby plants or artificial supports (hedges). The fruits appear after the inflorescences and look like elongated branches of grapes with small green berries. The brush itself is thin and long, often reaching 15-18 cm. Each has 35-60 spherical drupes with a thin layer of pulp.

What is different from red

What is Green Chili Pepper? This is the name of one of the stages of development of red chili, its unripe form. Hybrid forms also belong to varieties of red, but they can have a different shape, and when overripe, they turn dark brown.

Which is sharper - green or red

Hotter red peppers as they are ripe. If these peppers are compared on the Scoville pungency scale, then red has a value of 10-20 thousand, and green - 2.5-8 thousand.

Varieties

Serrano Is a Mexican variety named after the local Sierra mountain ranges. Fruits are small - no more than 4-5 cm, round shape. The pulp is thin and dryish, the surface is shiny. The taste is sour-hot, bright. Ripens in 3 months.

Jalapeno - a fast ripening variety (harvest can be harvested in 75 days), also bred in Mexico. These fruits are grown precisely in order to be harvested unripe, that is, green. They have a peculiar crescent shape, thick skin, weight about 45 g. The variety differs not only in average pungency, but also in a spicy aftertaste with a sour tint. It is often used in modern cuisine in different countries.

Anaheim - Californian variety with a pungent taste and sweet smell. It is unpretentious in care, bears fruits on average 90 days after germination. The pods have a dark green color, an elongated conical shape and a small mass - about 15 g. Suitable for drying, salting and fresh consumption.

Interesting! Pepper crops are divided into two varieties: Piper and Kapsikum. Piper's representatives include peppercorns, and Capsicum is represented by pods, which are divided into chili and bell peppers.

Growing features

Chili peppers are not so common for Russian vegetable gardens, so it is better to learn more about the rules for planting and caring for this plant.

Landing

You can plant chili from seedlings or seeds. Grow at home you can at least all year round, but the best time is the beginning of March, then the harvest will be plentiful, and the taste will be excellent. All species are grown in greenhouses, since they require identical conditions of detention.

The optimum temperature to be maintained is + 20 ... + 23 ° С. Pepper does not like drafts and direct ultraviolet light.It is better to place the seedlings in peat with compost and turf with a drainage layer (sand, coal, expanded clay) 2 cm thick.

The seeds should be uniform in color, without spots, and the same size. Before planting, they are disinfected by soaking for 15 minutes in a pink solution of potassium permanganate, then dried. They are germinated in wet gauze, and then planted in the ground to a depth of 5-6 cm, watered and covered with polyethylene until germination.

After the emergence of shoots with 2-3 shoots, they are transplanted into separate containers - they dive - and then they must be watered.

Transplanting seedlings into open ground or greenhouse

Signs by which you can understand that it is time to transplant peppers into open ground:

• sprout height - 11-15 cm;
• stands confidently in the ground, roots have strengthened;
• leaves are juicy, not sluggish, saturated green.

According to the recommendations of vegetable growers, a week before the planned transplant, boxes with seedlings are taken outside for 1-2 hours every day to adapt to the environment. In this case, it will be well accepted in the open field.

Chili peppers grow better in a greenhouse, since there are no drafts, you can maintain the desired temperature and humidity. When planting in open ground, they prefer high beds.

The following types of soil are suitable for chili: chernozem, meadow-chernozem, sod-meadow. The required acidity is 5.5-7.0.

In autumn and spring, you can fertilize the soil with any manure (cow, pork, goat, etc.). A month before planting, the soil in the garden should be fertilized with superphosphate and humus, and in a few days it should be well loosened, saturated with oxygen.

It is not recommended to plant peppers in the place where tomatoes, tobacco, eggplants, potatoes and physalis grew last season. The harvest will be good if the garden is placed in the place where there were pumpkins, zucchini, squash, carrots or cucumbers. Nearby, you can arrange beds with herbs: dill, coltsfoot, basil, salad, spinach and others. After pepper, cereals and root crops will grow well in this place.

Care

Chili peppers need light, fertile soil with peat and compost, always drained with sand, loose and moist. The plant should be illuminated for at least 15 hours a day, otherwise the fruits will be small or they will not be at all. But direct sunlight is undesirable.

Important! The optimum temperature for pepper is + 22 ... + 24 ° С. 2 weeks before disembarkation, they are tempered, taking them outside for 2-8 hours a day.

Watered pepper every other day (in summer - every day) with water at room temperature as the soil dries, pouring about 10 liters per 1 sq. m of soil.

Feed green chili weekly with nitrogen fertilizers, and during flowering with potassium and fluoride. Chicken droppings nourish pepper well, for which a small amount (500 g) is dissolved in 10 liters of water and the plants are watered twice a week.

The pepper can grow up to 1 m in height, but if you want a lower and more branched bush, you need to pinch the top at the flowering stage or when it reaches the desired height. For the harvest to be of better quality, and the fruits to be large, you need to cut off the additional stems that grow inward, and remove at least a third of the flowers.

Loosening is very useful for pepper; it even replaces one watering. But it is carried out carefully due to the superficial location of the root system.

Diseases and pests

Chili peppers are rarely affected by any pathogens. To prevent them, you need to disinfect the seeds and soil before planting.

Pests affecting green chili peppers:

• nematodes;
• aphids (potato, melon, peach);
• tick (transparent, field);
• bug (field, vegetable);
• thrips;
• nightshade miner;
• scoop.

Susceptible to bacterial, fungal and viral diseases:

• tobacco mosaic virus;
• bacterial, white and gray rot;
• pitya root rot (pitium);
• fusarium and verticillary wilting;
• rhizoctonia;
• alternaria.

Among the physiological problems are:

• cracked fruit;
• dying off tops of shoots;
• top rot of pepper;
• sunburn;
• dropping peppers;
• deformation of fruits from excess nitrogen and due to temperature differences.

Treatment and prevention depend entirely on the type of lesion. If the causes are physiological, it is important to eliminate them as soon as possible. With bacterial and pest damage, it is necessary to direct actions to eliminate the pathogen.

Reference. The defeat of the pepper is often secondary, that is, it passes from other affected areas in the immediate vicinity of the garden. If the entire garden is prevented in a timely manner, the risk of crop loss is minimal.

Application

Green chili peppers are used no less widely than red ones - in cooking, in medicine, and in cosmetology.

In cooking

It is most beneficial to use it fresh. When cut and heat treated, vitamin C is destroyed. Most often, green chili is pickled - this allows you to preserve its beneficial properties.

It can also be used as a seasoning, included in various sauces, salads, add to pizza - a small amount gives the dish a sharp and spicy taste. Pepper is especially popular in Mexican folk cuisine. In Russia, it is often used to decorate dishes before serving.

In folk medicine

Green chili pepper increases appetite, has a warming effect, dulls pain, therefore it is used for diseases of the musculoskeletal system. It is also known that the product helps to prevent oncology of the respiratory system, prostate, and digestive organs. Vegetable juice kills germs and is recommended for diseases of the throat and mouth.

In cosmetology

In the beauty industry, pepper is used for various warming wraps and slimming creams. It is also used to treat hair loss and baldness - due to the warming effect, blood flow to the hair follicles is stimulated, which strengthens them and promotes the growth of new hair.

Benefit and harm

Green chili rich in vitamins and minerals. Doctors recommend it to patients with vitamin deficiency, reduced immunity, chronic diseases of internal organs. There is also harm that a vegetable can do to a person. Basically it comes down to injury to the digestive system.

Composition and properties

Green chili peppers are high in vitamin C - even more than citrus fruits. It is also rich in B vitamins, potassium, silicon, iodine and iron.

Calorie content - 37 kcal per 100 g. There is almost no fat in it, little protein, the main part is carbohydrates.

Effects on the body of women and men

How does pepper help the male sex:

1. Increases male strength (pepper tincture is useful).
2. Increases testosterone production.
3. Normalizes erection by stimulating blood flow to the penis.
4. Reduces the harmful effects of alcohol on the body.
5. Prevents hair loss and baldness when used topically.

For women, pepper is useful for strengthening hair due to blood flow to the bulbs, the content of selenium and silicon, as well as in the fight against cellulite and extra pounds. It has antioxidant properties and anti-aging properties. Vitamin C strengthens the walls of blood vessels, helps to absorb iron and calcium.

Attention! For both sexes, the use of green pepper is contraindicated in diseases of the stomach, intestines, gall bladder and pancreas. The use of pepper is undesirable for the fair sex during menstruation and is prohibited during pregnancy.

Usage rates

There are no norms for the use of this product, but it is reliably known that 50 g of pepper satisfy the daily need of an adult body for ascorbic acid.

Contraindications and possible harm

Green chili pepper is contraindicated and harmful for chronic gastritis, cholecystitis, stomach and duodenal ulcers, exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis.According to one of the theories of the development of stomach cancer, it arises from the frequent use of chili spices. This conclusion was first reached on the basis of the frequency of development of oncological diseases of the digestive tract in the Japanese and Chinese, whose cuisine is oversaturated with spicy spices.

It is also harmful for gastroesophageal reflux disease, after operations on the gastrointestinal tract, hepatitis. In obesity, excessive consumption of chili causes an unnecessary increase in appetite.

Conclusion

Green chili peppers are rich in vitamins and minerals. There are more benefits from its use than harm, the more it is contraindicated only for people with gastrointestinal diseases. Low-calorie and pleasant to the taste, it will add a piquant spice to any dish. To get a good harvest, you need to follow all the recommendations of agronomists, then it will be enough for both cosmetic procedures and salting.