Why green tomatoes fall in the greenhouse: we quickly determine the cause and effectively fight it

Falling ovaries of green tomatoes is a headache for many vegetable growers. This problem speaks of a lack of plant care. What can be done to save the harvest and prevent the fruits from completely falling off before ripening? Let's look at this issue.

Why do green tomatoes fall

Creation of favorable conditions for growing tomatoes involves compliance with all rules of agricultural technology... Below we will consider the most common mistakes that gardeners make.

Improper watering

Tomatoes do not tolerate both waterlogging and moisture deficit... In most cases, green fruits fall off due to the high humidity in the greenhouse. An excess of moisture in the soil is also harmful to plants. Although they are hygrophilous, they are able to survive a short period of drought.

During active growth and flowering, insufficient watering can lead to the fall of inflorescences or young ovaries. With high humidity, green tomatoes also begin to fall off. In addition, excess moisture initiates the development of fungal diseases.

No pollination

The reason for the fall of unripe tomatoes may be due to the lack of pollination.... If tomatoes are grown outdoors, this process occurs due to beneficial insects and wind. The pollen mixes and the plant produces an ovary.

When growing a crop in a closed structure, for example, in a greenhouse, tomatoes are deprived of this natural opportunity. In this case, it is necessary to slightly open the greenhouse doors to allow bees and other insects to fly in. In the colder season, you will need to artificially pollinate tomatoes.

Important! In conditions of high humidity, pollen from the inflorescences spills out in the form of a lump. In dry air, pollen cannot form an ovary.

It's too cold in the greenhouse

Often tomato ovaries do not form due to ambient temperature... As you know, tomatoes prefer to grow warm. If the air temperature is low, the plant will not bear fruit.

In the future, it may even die from the cold. The bush also reacts to watering with cold water. If at night the temperature is stable at about + 15 ° C and below, pollination of flowers will not occur, since the pollen will not ripen.

At the same time, there is a huge difference between the two concepts - plant development and fruiting. For the formation of an ovary on the bush and ripening of fruits, it is required to provide at night a temperature within the range of + 18 ° C ... + 25 ° C. Otherwise, if the fruits are tied, they will fall off from the cold.

It's very hot in the greenhouse

If it is very hot in the greenhouse, the inflorescences begin to fall off.... At elevated temperatures, pollen becomes almost completely sterile. For pollination of tomatoes, it is enough to maintain the temperature within a narrow range - + 20 ° C ... + 25 ° C. Moderate humidity and ventilation of the greenhouse are important.

With a long-term high temperature, which exceeds 30-33 ° C, the pollen is sterilized, after which the ovary does not form on the tomato bushes. At higher rates, the foliage begins to wilt, and the plant may die. Tomatoes, like humans, are capable of getting heatstroke.

Read also:

Rules for feeding tomatoes in a greenhouse

What to do to make tomatoes in the greenhouse turn red faster

Diseases and pests

A serious cause of spoilage of green tomatoes in a greenhouse the following diseases and pests become:

1. Tomato rot. Gardeners call this disease brown rot. In the place where the tomato is attached to the stem, a brown spot appears over time. If the tomato is cut in half, a brown core can be seen inside.
2. Late blight. The cause of the disease is fungal spores. A comfortable environment for their existence is high humidity and soil enriched with nitrogenous compounds. Fight disease with calcium nitrate.
3. Caterpillars, scoops... Dark gray and black caterpillars, moths gnaw the stem, deciduous mass and peduncles of the plant. This leads to the fall of the unripe tomatoes. Pest control consists of removing weeds, digging up soil, and manually collecting tracks.

 On a note! If all the necessary conditions have been created for tomatoes in the greenhouse, and green tomatoes continue to crumble, you need to use chemicals.

Poor seed quality

When harvesting, many gardeners prefer to harvest tomato seeds on their own. But not always the same variety grows out of them next year.

You do not need to save on planting material, it is better to buy selected seeds in a specialized store in order to guarantee a good harvest.

Besides the seeds may contain causative agents of tomato diseases - fungal spores and bacteria that accumulate in the soil and deciduous mass of agricultural crops. Even a healthy-looking plant can contain pathogenic microorganisms.

Unfortunately, poor quality seeds can also be purchased at the store. Especially if the manufacturer is little known. Such seed does not grow well, the seedlings grow weak and get sick. On the bushes, flowers form few ovaries and fall off.

Lack of sunlight

On cloudy days, when there is almost no sunlight, no ovary forms on tomatoes. To preserve the inflorescences on the bushes, it is recommended to spray the plant with special solutions: boric acid, growth stimulants.

Using the wrong variety / hybrid

There is a huge variety of tomatoes. All of them are classified according to basic criteria. One of them is the growing technique. Some varieties are created for cultivation only in greenhouse conditions, while others are focused on cold regions.

Buying seeds the climatic conditions of the region must be taken into account and characteristics of the tomato variety / hybrid. Take into account their taste, yield indicators and other important parameters.

It is advisable to opt for hybrids that have good resistance to diseases of tomatoes, temperature extremes, lack of lighting or moisture. As a result, such varieties can please with excellent yield indicators even when grown in unfavorable conditions.

Lack of fertilizer

Reasons for falling inflorescences and unripe tomatoesassociated with the introduction of mineral fertilizers:

1. Excess nitrogenous compounds. A deciduous mass grows on the bush, so the plant does not have enough strength to set the ovary. It must be remembered that nitrogen can be watered only before the first inflorescences appear.
2. Lack of phosphorus.
3. The plant receives little potassium. It is extremely necessary at the time of pouring the fruit.

At first, very it is important to follow the fertilization schedule with balanced fertilizers, especially during the formation of flowers and brushes with fruits. If possible, control the composition of the soil, conduct its chemical analysis.

Most an affordable way to effectively care for tomatoes - to observe the condition of plants. When characteristic signs appear, feed the tomatoes with complex fertilizers, humus, and manure.

Falling leaves

In most cases the deciduous mass of tomatoes begins to fall off due to violations of the rules of watering and lighting... The leaf plate of a plant is the main part that takes part in the process of photosynthesis.

It is in the foliage that primary organic molecules appear. Later, plant cells and tissues are formed from them. Since there is a lack of light during photosynthesis, the leaf plate becomes unnecessary and falls off.

How to avoid color drop in tomatoes in a greenhouse

Usually, flowers that appear on tomatoes fall off due to a lack of chemical elements in the soil... If flowers fall on tomatoes, and the deciduous mass has become a rich green color, it means that there are not enough micro and macro elements in the soil.

Reference. Poor watering of the plants and damage to the roots by pests also become the cause of falling flowers.

To save the future harvest, it is necessary take action as soon as possible:

• balance feeding with the introduction of nitrogenous, phosphorus compounds and potassium under tomatoes;
• fertilize tomatoes with a solution of boric acid and potassium permanganate;
• ensure uniform watering in sufficient volume;
• it is better to remove small ugly fruits so that the rest of the tomatoes can pour normally.

How to fix problems

After finding the answer to the question of why green tomatoes fall in a greenhouse, you need to understand how to cope with such problems.

Experienced gardeners advise:

1. Close doors and windows at night in the greenhouse if they were open for ventilation during the day. This will help maintain a favorable climate for tomatoes.
2. Before a sudden cold snap in the greenhouse, it is necessary to install a heating device - an electric stove or a potbelly stove.
3. It is advisable to water the tomatoes with settled warm water and not use cold water from a well or a watering tap. During the day, you can warm water in the sun in wooden barrels.
4. If the air temperature in the greenhouse has dropped below + 15 ° C, you will need to additionally heat the water for watering the tomatoes. You can use accumulators for daytime heating of the greenhouse.

To improve the ovary formation process, it is recommended to use two main methods:

1. Chemical stimulants. For example, you can use methyl products, gibberellin.
2. Mechanical pollination, that is, manual shaking of flowering inflorescences. If the procedure is done once a week, it will significantly increase the number of ovaries.

Preventive measures

The problem of falling tomatoes can be avoided, if you are not lazy and devote time to prevention:

1. During the flowering of tomatoes, pollen is formed on the 7th day. Its productivity in the process of ovary formation directly depends on climatic conditions.
2. Pollen properties depend on the greenhouse lighting level and temperature conditions. With insufficient daylight, pollen quality deteriorates, which reduces the amount of ovary formation.
3. For abundant flowering and the formation of tomatoes in the greenhouse, you need to maintain the set temperature. Anthers lend themselves to deformation at temperatures below + 15 ° C. If it exceeds + 32 ° C, the anther becomes unviable.

Conclusion

Falling zelentz-tomatoes is an unpleasant and frequent problem. If in a greenhouse green tomatoes fall from a bush, you need to immediately look for the root cause. When caring for tomato bushes, it is important to maintain the required level of humidity and temperature, and provide the plants with feeding in a timely manner.

With a sound approach to problem solving, you can avoid falling flowers and achieve positive results.