A variety of tomatoes that will definitely not disappoint you - Tomato "Hat of Monomakh"
Monomakh's legendary hat is not just a headdress, but also a unique symbol of autocracy. The large-fruited type of tomato did not get its name for nothing. Ripe tomatoes are also unique and differ from other varieties in their size and taste.
The perfect combination of sugar and sourness make them indispensable in summer salads and winter dishes. Due to its taste and attractive appearance, the tomato is in high demand in the sales markets.
The content of the article
Characteristics and description of the variety
Tomato Monomakh's Hat was bred by Russian breeders, taking into account the different climates in our country. The variety has been known to gardeners for over 15 years.
Distinctive features
The culture is recommended for cultivation in the open field and in greenhouse conditions. Well adapted to drought.
The height of the bush is up to 1.5 m, the foliage is moderate, the leaves are large, dark green, do not interfere with the penetration of sunlight.
An early ripening variety, from the first shoots to full ripening it takes 90-110 days.
The yield is high, from 1 sq. m collect up to 20 kg of fruits when placing 3-4 plants per 1 sq. m.
The need for a garter is due to the high growth and weight of the forming fruit, which can break loose branches. Also, the culture must be regularly pinned. The increased growth of side shoots will lead to thickening of the plantings.
The culture is highly resistant to the main diseases of the nightshade family, such as: late blight and tobacco mosaic virus.
Fruit characteristics
Fruits are large, average weight 450-600 g, round shape, deep red color. The taste is sweet with a slight sourness, the pulp is juicy. There are 6–8 seed chambers, the number of seeds is average.
Ripe vegetables are used universally: they are equally well suited for fresh consumption and for winter preparations. Also, vegetables are allowed to be processed into tomato products for making juices, adjika, ketchup and lecho.
Ripe tomatoes have good keeping quality and can withstand transportation over any distance.
The photo shows the tomatoes Monomakh's hat.
How to grow seedlings
Sowing seeds is started 2 months before transplanting seedlings into the ground. Since the crop is varietal, seed can be prepared independently. But such seeds need mandatory preparation.
Seed preparation
Seed material is laid out on the table and each seed is carefully examined for visible damage. Then check for emptiness in saline solution for 10 minutes. Grains suitable for planting should not float to the surface. After the grain is disinfected in a weak manganese solution for 25 minutes. Then they are thoroughly washed and dried.
reference! A highly concentrated solution of manganese can destroy all the seed.
To improve germination, seeds are germinated on wet gauze for 2 days. The slightly moistened gauze is left in a dark place at a temperature of 27 ° C. As it dries, the gauze is sprayed with warm, settled water.
Capacity and soil
The container is prepared in advance, processing it with a dark solution of potassium permanganate in order to prevent it and making small drainage holes at the bottom for the outflow of excess moisture.
You can plant in a common wooden box and in separate plastic and peat cups.
reference! When planting in peat containers, picking of plants is not required in the future.
The soil is prepared from garden soil mixed with peat in equal quantities. Washed river sand and a little wood ash are added to the resulting mixture for looseness. The soil is steamed in the oven for 10 minutes at a temperature of 50 ° C. Thus, the soil is disinfected. After disinfection, the soil is laid out in planting containers.
Sowing
Seeds are sown to a depth of 1.5–2 cm and a distance of 3 cm from each other. Sprinkle with peat on top, slightly moisten with warm, settled water and cover with foil. The containers are left in a bright and warm room at a temperature of 24 ° C until germination.
Seedling care
When shoots appear, the film is removed and the containers are placed on the windowsill for better lighting. Daylight hours for seedlings should be at least 13 hours. If necessary, install fluorescent lamps.
Water the seedlings with moderately warm, settled water. After watering, the soil in the containers is loosened with an ordinary fork.
reference! After loosening, the air permeability of the soil improves.
After the appearance of 3 real leaves, the seedlings are dived, seated in separate containers. When picking, only strong and healthy plants are left for further growth and development.
After picking, after 10 days, the seedlings are fed with full complex fertilizer.
2 weeks before transplanting, the seedlings are hardened in the open air in the daytime at a temperature of at least 16 ° C. Simultaneously with daytime hardening, the night temperature is reduced to 12 ° C.
How to grow tomatoes
From the photo and description it is clear that the tomato variety Monomakh's Hat gives large and beautiful fruits. But to achieve such a result, you need to follow certain rules of care.
Landing
Planting pattern: 50 cm - distance between seedlings, 60 cm - distance between rows. For 1 sq. m place 3-4 plants. With a thicker planting, the plants will interfere with each other in full growth.
Before making the beds, dolomite flour or wood ash is added to the soil. The tomato does not take root in acidic soil, therefore, for prevention, substances that lower acidity are introduced.
The holes are made no deeper than 20 cm, put a little wood ash on the bottom and fill it with warm water.
They are transplanted on a cloudy day or in the evening, deepening the seedlings to the first leaves. After transplanting, the holes are watered again and for 1 week the young plants are left to get used to the new conditions.
Tomato follow-up care
Proper crop care consists in regular moderate watering, weeding the beds and timely fertilizing.
Watered with settled water, without flooding the plants. With moderate watering, the humidity level does not exceed the norm, which prevents fungal spores from developing. After watering, the soil is loosened, thereby improving oxygen access to the roots. To keep the beds moist longer, they are mulched with straw. Mulching also prevents the entry of ground insects.
The culture is fed at least 3 times per season. The first feeding is applied during flowering. They are fed with a full range of fertilizers, mainly containing phosphorus. The second time is fed during the period of ovary formation. A full range of minerals or organic matter is introduced. From organic matter, bird droppings are used in a ratio of 1:15.
The third dressing is applied at the time of fruiting. Fertilized with a full complex with a predominant content of potassium substances.
reference! The use of fresh manure and nitrogenous substances as fertilizers is not recommended. In this case, an increase in green mass is observed, and not the formation of ovaries.
Features in care and possible difficulties
The culture needs a mandatory garter, since neither the stem nor the fruitful branches can withstand the weight of ripe fruits. When transplanting, a wooden or metal support is installed next to each plant, to which the stem is immediately fixed. The fixed stem grows even and strong, without suffering from gusts of wind and precipitation.
As it grows, fruiting branches are fixed to the support, since they are too heavy under the weight of ripe fruits.
Culture needs to be pinned, and the procedure will have to be performed regularly, preventing unnecessary lateral processes from developing.
As it grows, the plant forms three stems, two of which are removed, leaving only one shoot under the first flower cluster. Thus, the bush is formed into 2 stems, one of which will be the main one. When dribbling in 2 stems, you can achieve not only maximum output, but also the largest fruits.
Diseases and pests
The culture is considered resistant to the main diseases of the tomato series. Therefore, in the review we will focus on the implementation of preventive measures.
When growing any agricultural crop, it is worth remembering the rules of crop rotation and not neglecting them. Following the recommendations guarantees maximum fruiting rates and protects plants from diseases and pests.
Tomatoes can only be planted on the land where cabbage, carrots, legumes or winter crops previously grew. They do not deplete the soil, unlike the nightshade family, but, on the contrary, supply the soil with the nitrogen necessary for the development of the tomato.
With moderate watering, fungal spores will not be able to develop, which significantly reduces the risk of morbidity.
Loosening and hilling provide oxygen to the roots, which strengthens plant immunity, and mulching prevents the spread of ground pests.
Also, seedlings are sprayed with fungicidal agents for preventive purposes.
To combat pests that are most dangerous for tomatoes, pungent-smelling herbs are planted next to the seedlings, the smell of which is afraid of insects. Basil, mustard and marigolds are good protection.
Nuances in cultivation in the open field and in the greenhouse
Although the culture is recommended for protected structures, when cultivated in greenhouses, the quantitative indicator is noticeably reduced, while the taste remains at the proper level.
When grown in greenhouses, it is important to avoid thickening of the plantings, timely removing excess lateral shoots and lower leaves. Frequent planting can provoke the development of fungal diseases. In addition, it is easy to miss many pests in them.
Closed structures must be ventilated every day, thereby preventing an increase in humidity and temperature. These factors increase the risk of spider mite attacks on seedlings. Fresh air destroys the usual conditions for the existence of the parasite.
In order for the fruits to form larger, no more than 2-3 ovaries are left on the fruiting branch. In this case, nutrients will be consumed only for their formation, due to which they gain more weight.
Harvesting and application of the crop
With timely harvesting, ripe vegetables will delight you with their taste and appearance. In addition, the unloaded bush will speed up the ripening of other vegetables.
Due to the ideal combination of sugar and acids, the use of tomatoes is universal. They make excellent fresh dishes and winter preparations: marinades and pickles. But for whole-fruit canning, ripe vegetables are not suitable because of their large size.
Besides conservation, excellent juices, pastes, adjika, ketchups and sauces are obtained from tomatoes.
The strong peel allows ripe vegetables to be stored for a long time and to be transported over long distances.
Advantages and disadvantages
Judging by the characteristics and reviews from the photo, the advantages of the variety are undeniable:
- drought resistance;
- takes root in all regions;
- unpretentious care;
- strong immunity;
- high yield rate;
- great taste;
- large fruits;
- universal application;
- long storage;
- long-term transportation;
- the possibility of self-collection of seeds.
The negative sides include:
Farmers reviews
Reviews of tomato Monomakh's cap does not allow doubting the productivity of the culture, the quality of the fruits and easy care.
Tatiana, Vladimir region: “Large and sweet tomatoes are always on my table. I love this variety for its unpretentiousness and great return. There are a lot of stepchildren, I don't wait for them to outgrow, I delete them right away. I water and tie in a timely manner, but I get an excellent result. I recommend this variety to all lovers of large tomatoes. "
Valery, Kaluga region: "I like the variety for its taste and the fact that it is excellent for processing. I love delicious juices and adjika. The juice from this tomato is not only tasty, but also very beautiful. Plants are resistant to diseases and undemanding to care for. The fact that you can collect the seeds yourself is also good news.
Conclusion
The Hat Monomakh variety has been a favorite among many gardeners for more than 15 years. This testifies to the reliability of the culture, its resistance to various diseases, a high rate of fruiting and simple agricultural techniques.
From ripe vegetables, not only great fresh dishes are obtained, but also winter preparations. Delicious fortified canned food is especially important in cold weather for maintaining immunity and good mood.