The main stages of currant care in spring after winter

In the spring, all fruit plants need care. In the case of currants, there are certain nuances that must be taken into account in order to maintain high yields. In the spring, gardeners perform transplanting, pest control, fertilizing, pruning shrubs and other procedures.

What care is required for currants in spring after winter

Spring is considered the key to plant care.... Trees and shrubs at this time help to recover from winter and prepare for fruiting. After the winter cold, the currant bushes are weakened, therefore they require competent care in order to bloom and bloom with renewed vigor.

What does she need

Currants are quite unpretentious to the quality of the soil and grows normally in shaded areas... But without leaving the bushes gradually degenerate, which significantly reduces the yield.

Spring care after winter includes such activities:

• removal of the shelter;
• watering;
• loosening;
• mulching;
• treatment against pests and diseases;
• top dressing;
• pruning.

Dates of spring procedures

Spring care for currants usually begins immediately after the last snow melts... The daytime air temperature should be around + 5 ° C.

Do not delay the preparation of currants for the upcoming season... In the sun, the buds quickly swell and release leaves. After that, it will be too late to carry out the care.

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Essential spring activities for a good harvest

To obtain a bountiful harvest, a number of procedures must be performed... They strengthen the plant, prevent the development of diseases and accelerate the growing season.

Taking shelter

At the first stage, the winter shelter is removed. If you do not do this in time, the shrub inside will begin to rot.

Remains of snow and litter are removed from the site, if it was not removed in the fall... It is advisable to burn the leaves, since pests often remain in them.

The shrub is carefully examined. If swollen buds are found, inside which a tick hibernated, they are burned.

Pruning

Currant care in spring after winter is carried out with the help of proper pruning. Thus, the bushes are unloaded from damaged and diseased branches..

Also remove shoots at the age of 4 years... Such branches practically do not bear fruit, but they take away nutrients from the plant, which could be used for the development of new shoots.

At the last stage of pruning, the crown is formed... On the stretched last year's shoots, a maximum of 7 buds are left, the rest is cut off. Thanks to this procedure, the shoot begins to develop in breadth, giving an additional crop on the layers.

Loosening

By means of loosening, air and moisture exchange in the soil is improved... Thanks to this, the root system does not have a lack of oxygen, and the water does not stagnate on the surface for a long time. In the spring, this procedure is very important.

Loosening the ground after watering... The maximum loosening depth is 5 cm. Otherwise, it is possible to damage the weakened root system.

Watering

Watering currants is recommended with warm water... In dry weather, watering is carried out 1 time in 8-10 days. Each bush needs 4-6 buckets. Water is poured only under the root, branches and leaves must remain dry.

Top dressing

For abundant fruiting, currant bushes must be fed... The plant requires potassium and phosphorus. For full development, nitrogen supplements are introduced, but only together with potassium and phosphorus. Otherwise, the content of amino acids in the juice will increase, and the plant will become attractive to pests.

It is impossible to add chlorine-containing fertilizers during the growing season. - currants do not tolerate them. It is best to use ashes of deciduous trees as top dressing. It contains all the necessary elements. One bush takes ⅓ buckets.

Also often use a solution of nitrophoska... Apply in strict accordance with the instructions. Top dressing is applied every year during the formation of the kidneys.

Mulching

Mulching is an important step in the care of currants. This the procedure will reduce the evaporation of moisture from the soil and the number of weeds... In addition, the amount of watering will decrease.

For mulching use sawdust, straw or compost... Also some gardeners use black non-woven fabric.

Treatment against diseases and pests

Fight against insect pests begin in early spring with hot watering or fire treatment. The bushes are doused with boiling water even before the snow has completely melted... The plant itself is not damaged in this case, and ticks and other pests die.

However, some gardeners disapprove of this method. They use insecticide spraying for prevention. Treatment with drugs is performed only at positive air temperatures... Spray 2-3 times with an interval of 2 weeks.

Processing with fire and boiling water

The method of pouring boiling water over the bushes is used in the following cases:

1. Kidney mite infection. This pest carries a disease called terry leaves. In winter, it hides in the kidneys.
2. Damage to fungal diseases, aphids.

With the help of hot water, they not only destroy pests, but also warm up the soil, buds and bark, and this contributes to a faster start of the growing season.

Processing is carried out in early spring, before bud break... It is performed in the first half of March. By this time, the kidneys have not yet swollen, so boiling water will not harm them.

For hot water treatment you will need a watering can with a fine mesh nozzle and a thermometer... The water temperature should be + 70… + 80 ° C. Water is boiled, poured into a watering can. The temperature is measured directly near the bush. If the liquid is still too hot, wait until it cools down.

To improve efficiency 3 g of copper sulfate, 0.1 g of potassium permanganate and 10 g of salt are added to the solution. Water the bushes so that boiling water moistens the entire surface of the branches.

Many gardeners process currants with fire.... This method can kill aphids and ticks. The procedure is carried out in early March. To do this, use a gas torch or blowtorch.

The fire is kept at a distance of 8-10 cm from the branches. They are carried out along the shoots 2-3 times. Do not bring the burner too close to avoid damaging the branches.

Transfer

If the bush began to bear fruit and develop poorly (new shoots do not appear even after pruning), then it is transplanted.

Dig a hole about 40 cm deep. Add fertilizer or compost and pour out a bucket of water. After that, the bush is transferred to a new place, covered with earth and watered again. The procedure is performed only on condition that the buds of the plant have not yet swollen.

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Features of care depending on the region

Be sure to take into account the climatic features of the area where the culture is grown.

In different regions, spring procedures are carried out at different times:

1. In the southern regions, care begins in early March, immediately after the land dries up.
2. In the Middle Lane, this time shifts to mid-April.
3. In the Urals, Siberia and the North-West (in the Leningrad Region), spring leaving begins in late April or early March.

Spring planting of currants

In order for the currants to bear fruit well, they select flat areas where there are no strong winds. Low-lying, shaded areas are not suitable for planting.

Also it is important to land on time... Otherwise, the plant may not take root.

When and how to plant

Planting seedlings in open ground is carried out before the onset of stable heat... The timing depends on the region. It is best to start working immediately after the last snow has melted. In the middle lane, this is the beginning of April.

Roots should be wrapped in a damp cloth... Immediately before planting, the seedlings are soaked in Kornevin's solution.

How to plant:

1. First, dig holes for the bushes. Their size should correspond to the size of the root system.
2. A pit is filled with humus and 1 tbsp. ash.
3. Pour 1 bucket of water.
4. The seedlings are carefully examined and dry and damaged roots are removed.
5. The plant is placed in the well at an inclination of 45 °. So the currants will be better at building new shoots and developing the root system.
6. Sprinkle the seedling with earth, making the sides around the hole.
7. All shoots are cut off. Only 4 buds are left on each.
8. The plant is watered, after which the soil around the seedling is mulched with straw or sawdust.

Experienced gardening tips

The duration of fruiting and the yield of currants depends on proper care... There are certain secrets that are definitely important to know.

5 golden rules

Exist a few rules that experienced gardeners adhere to:

1. For all bushes that are more than 5 years old, they perform anti-aging pruning. Use only disinfected instruments.
2. If the cut thickness is more than 8 mm, it is treated with garden varnish.
3. Winter bushes shelters are removed as early as possible. After that, the soil is loosened to allow air to reach the roots.
4. Be sure to treat plants from diseases and pests.
5. After watering, the land is mulched.

Mistakes to Avoid

Many novice gardeners make the same mistakes:

1. Untimely maintenance work, e.g. cutting too late.
2. Incorrect procedure. There is no point in treating pests first and then pruning.
3. Insufficient or excessive amount of fertilizer.
4. No anti-aging pruning. Yields will decrease every year.
5. Ignoring treatment from diseases and pests.

Conclusion

Spring care for black garden currants does not cause any particular difficulties. The main thing is to hold events on time. Do not forget to treat bushes from pests, pruning and fertilizing, as these procedures are equally important for fruiting.