Honeysuckle honeysuckle (fragrant liana): description, methods of reproduction, nuances of care

Honeysuckle is also called a goat leaf, Italian honeysuckle. The culture belongs to the multiflorous plants of the Caprifole family, is widespread in Europe, and the South-East of Great Britain is considered its homeland. Caprifoil has an unusual shape of red, cream and yellow flowers with prominent stamens and a pleasant aroma.

Description of honeysuckle honeysuckle

Honeysuckle honeysuckle Is a flowering shrub reaching 8 m in height... The shape of the leaves is ovoid or elliptical. The surface of the sheet plate is glossy, green, the back is matte, bluish-gray. The gray-green color remains until late autumn. The lower leaves are located on short stems.

The flowers are colored red, cream and yellow, gather at the ends of the branches in three inflorescences. Flower length - 5 cm. Fruits are round, coral in color.

The shrub enters the flowering period in early summer... The flowers exude a pleasant aroma that intensifies in the late afternoon. Honeysuckle flowers differ from other types of honeysuckle by protruding stamens, which are collected in bunches of 5-6 pcs. The flowering period is short - only 3 weeks. Each flower lives for 3 days and withers. The enchanting aroma of honeysuckle attracts bees They literally swarm around the bushes.

Branches grow up to 2 m in one season... The life span of the plant reaches 30 years. The culture is frost-resistant, damaged branches quickly recover after pruning.

There are four varieties of honeysuckle honeysuckle:

1. Belgica is a flowering shrub with broad green leaves and dense purple and pink buds. The berries ripen in autumn and have a bright red hue.
2. Harleguin attracts attention with colorful pink flowers with light edging.
3. Munster is characterized by pale pink flowers and a white border.
4. Grahm Thomas is distinguished by its tube-shaped flowers and white-yellow petals.

Reproduction methods

Honeysuckle honeysuckle is most often propagated in two ways - by seeds and cuttings... The first is considered the most economically viable and cost effective, the second guarantees abundant flowering. A plant planted with seeds adapts quickly to the landing site and builds up green mass. Reproduction by layering and dividing the bush is used less often.

Growing aromatic liana honeysuckle honeysuckle from seeds

Seed propagation is a long process, if you harvest them yourself... Easier to buy at a gardening store. The material is harvested manually after flowering - at the end of July. Large, overripe fruits are suitable for this.

In practice, two methods of obtaining seeds are used:

1. The berries are ground through a sieve and poured with water. The pulp is thrown away, and the seeds are washed with tap water and dried on a napkin.
2. The fruits are placed between two layers of paper towels and crushed with a crush or spoon. The seeds, together with the pulp, are dried in the open air and used for planting.

Planting material in bags is sold in the form of berries or seeds. When buying ready-made seeds, it is important to check the expiration date and the botanical name of the species and variety.

Seeds for sowing in the year of collection are stored at room temperature in a dark place... The next year they are stratified - mixed with wet sand and stored in a refrigerator at + 2 ... + 5 ° C. The germination rate of stratified seeds is 70% and lasts 2 years.

Sowing is performed in March - April... This guarantees high germination and allows the plant to gain strength before the onset of cold weather. The seeds are pre-disinfected in a solution of potassium permanganate. The exposure time is 24 hours.

Any planting container is suitable. The soil mixture is taken from a gardening store or prepared independently from peat, river sand, turf and humus in equal proportions. The soil is spilled with a dark solution of potassium permanganate or heated in an oven at a temperature of + 100 ... + 110 ° C. The containers are filled with the prepared substrate, but not tamped.

The soil watered with clean water at room temperature and spread the seeds on the surface, without deepening, every 10 cm. From above - 0.5-1 cm of soil or a mixture of sand and soil. The container is covered with foil or glass and placed on the windowsill on the south side of the house. The optimum air temperature for fast emergence is + 20 ° C. The ground is watered 2 times a week, using a sieve so as not to wash the seeds.

The first shoots will appear 30-35 days after sowing... Stratified material germinates 6-7 days earlier. With dense sowing, seedlings are planted in other containers, observing a distance of 5-10 cm.

The seedlings are transferred to open ground in late May - early June.

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Cuttings

It is customary to plant honeysuckle cuttings in spring, in summer and in the fall... Usually they are harvested in the fall, choosing strong shoots of 10-15 cm. Each of them should have 4-5 eyes. The cuttings are planted in loose and moist soil, leaving one bud on the surface. The soil is mulched with straw or dry foliage.

Summer harvesting of cuttings is performed after flowering... At the end of July, cuttings with two internodes are selected and the lower leaves are cut off. Planting material is placed in a greenhouse or a place protected from direct sunlight. The cuttings are immersed in the ground to a depth of 2-3 cm every 15-25 cm. Each of them is covered with a plastic bottle until new leaves appear. The kidneys are moisturized every day 2-3 times. For the winter, the soil is mulched with peat, and in the spring it is planted in open ground.

Reproduction is allowed honeysuckle half-ripe cuttings... Material at least 10 cm long is harvested in July - August. Cuttings of mature wood 20 cm long are harvested in spring.

Reference. Botanists have identified a high percentage of germination using cuttings.

Liana does not respond well to the transplant, therefore it is recommended immediately identify landing place... The shrub will turn out to be more magnificent if 2-3 buds or more are left on the shoot. They produce young shoots and, with proper care, create hedges.

Trench landing method allows you to get a hedge or the so-called vertical gardening. The culture loves lighted areas and blooms in an exuberant color. In shaded areas, the vine forms strong shoots, but produces few flowers.

Layers

This is one of the easiest ways to breed honeysuckle.... For rooting, layers are used taken from mature strong bushes with a large number of young shoots.

The shoot is chosen at the bottom of the bush, bend it to the ground and pinned... Part of the shoot is sprinkled with soil and watered. If you do this in the spring, a new shoot with roots will grow by the fall. It can be detached and planted in a new location or postponed until spring.

By dividing the bush

This method is suitable for all shrubs... The base of the bush is dug in, a part of the root system with branches is separated with a sharp shovel. The cut is sprinkled with charcoal, dried and planted in the prepared area. Complete digging of the bush is also practiced, followed by division into parts.

Care of young honeysuckle honeysuckle

Honeysuckle honeysuckle unpretentious in care, even a novice gardener can cope with its cultivation. For normal growth and development, the vine needs support.Bushes are often planted next to gazebos, walls, fences, garages. Any vertical surface is suitable for the vine to be able to cling to it and grow. Honeysuckle usually reaches 4-5 m in height. For this she needs about 5 years.

Shoots have small roots... With them, the liana clings to a rough surface. Without support, the branches grow horizontally.

Bushes watered as the soil dries... Honeysuckle loves moisture, so in drought, the frequency of watering is increased. Consumption per bush - 10 liters of water.

The first dressing is applied 2-3 weeks after planting.... To do this, 10 liters of mullein infusion (1:10) mixed with 200 g of wood ash is poured under each bush. Also when landing the soil is mixed with manure and peat. In this case, the plant will have enough nutrients for 3-4 months. In the second half of summer, ash (200 g) and superphosphate (25 g per 10 L of water) are taken for dressing. Nitrogen fertilizers are not used, since they provoke a quick set of green mass.

For the prevention of fungal infections in the spring the bushes are sprayed with copper sulfate, Bordeaux liquid, Ridomil solution.

When grown in regions with harsh winters, honeysuckle is harbored tarpaulin or agrofibre folded in 2-3 layers. The soil is mulched with sawdust, straw or dry foliage.

Pruning a bush

Timely pruning helps to form a beautiful vine... It is important to choose a strong and high support made of wood, metal or mesh. The honeysuckle branches are guided manually. They grow quickly and need distribution to create a beautiful and well-groomed look.

When the honeysuckle reaches the desired height, the tops are cut... This stimulates the development of side shoots. The lower leaves of the honeysuckle fall off. To hide the bare branches, tall flowers or low-growing conifers are planted nearby.

Reference. In the spring, sanitary pruning is performed by removing frozen branches.

Conclusion

Honeysuckle honeysuckle (fragrant liana) - not to be confused with edible fragrant honeysuckle - it blooms with amazingly beautiful yellow, red or cream flowers and bears inedible red fruits. Honeysuckle is unpretentious in care and needs timely watering, organic and mineral dressings, pruning and prevention of fungal infections. Liana is used to create a hedge and decorate the local area.