The best varieties of cherries for the Moscow Region and other regions of the Russian Federation
When choosing the best varieties of cherries for your region, pay attention to the yield indicators and growing conditions, the taste and marketability of the fruits. The best varieties are those that need minimal care, have strong immunity and bear fruit stably.
The article will tell you about the best varieties of cherries, the rules for choosing crops depending on the region and the peculiarities of caring for plants.
The content of the article
Types and varieties of cherries
Sweet cherries are classified by ripening time, fruit size, tree shape and height. Large-fruited varieties are chosen for fresh consumption - they differ in tender and juicy pulp. For cultivation in central Russia, early ripe cherries are chosen, they rarely get sick, are unpretentious in care and are frost-resistant.
We bring to your attention a description of the best varieties of cherries, depending on the category of culture.
Large-fruited
Large-fruited varieties take root both in the southern regions and in the middle lane. The size, taste and weight of the fruit depends on the fertilizer - proper and balanced nutrition guarantees a sweet harvest. Trees and shoots of large-fruited varieties are strong, withstand the weight of dozens of fruits.
Franz Joseph
The mid-late variety is winter hardiness. The crown is vigorous, oval in shape. Fruit weight up to 7 g, round-heart shape. The skin is dense, light yellow color with a slight blush. The pulp is bright yellow, sweet and juicy. Medium bone. Thanks to the dense peel, Franz Joseph cherries are transported - the fruits retain their marketability and taste.
Summit
Dessert variety of medium ripening. Bushes are tall, dense crown, conical shape. The berry weighs about 10 g, the peel is glossy, shiny. The pulp is bright red, juicy, sweet taste with a wine aroma. Summit is resistant to bacterial cancer and maniliasis, rarely damaged by insects. It quickly adapts to the climatic conditions of the middle zone, is universal in application.
Early
Early varieties begin to bear fruit 3-4 years after landing... The harvest is taken already in the middle of summer - the berries are medium-sized, sweet. Early cherries are grown for sale and for personal use.
Chermashnaya
The tree is medium-sized, fast-growing, the crown is round. The fruits are spherical, the peel is yellow, dense. Cherry weight from 4 to 6 g, sweet-sour taste, harmonious. The small bone is easily separated from the pulp. Cheremashnaya is unpretentious in care, however, it needs mineral dressings - the taste of the fruit depends on them.
Italian
Cherry Italian is recommended for planting in the Central Black Earth and North Caucasus region. The variety is not fast-growing, universal in application. Fruit weight about 5 g, sweet taste, dessert pulp, pinkish pulp color. Fruit color is glossy burgundy. To obtain a rich harvest, summer residents cover the Italian cherry for the winter, and with the arrival of spring, they spray the plantings with a solution of Bordeaux liquid to protect against pests.
Mid-season
Medium-term varieties are famous for keeping quality and transportability - the dense skin protects the fruits during transportation. The berries have a sweet and sour taste, refreshing. To obtain a rich harvest, it is recommended to ensure that the soil does not dry out.
Rechitsa
A versatile and unpretentious variety in cultivation. Delicious compotes, juices, cocktails are obtained from Rechitsa cherries. A fast-growing tree with a pyramidal crown. The fruits are one-dimensional, the weight of the berry is about 5 g. The taste is delicate and sweet, the pulp is dense. Rechitsa starts bearing fruit 5 years after planting. Resistance to viral diseases is average.
Adelina
A medium-sized tree with a pyramidal spreading crown. Fruiting in the fourth year, the shoots are straight, brown in color. The variety is recommended for planting in the Central Black Earth Region. Fruit weight 5.5 g, heart-shaped, dark red color. The flesh is gristly, the taste is sweet. Cherry Adelina is famous for its attractive commercial qualities and keeping quality.
Interesting! Cherries are used to prepare fruit salads, pickled and canned dishes, and snacks. Ripe and juicy berries are used to decorate cakes and pies, added as a filling in muffins and cheesecakes.
Late
The late harvest ripens at the end of summer, such cherries are planted mainly in warm regions of the country. They use cherries for processing - they prepare compotes, preserves, jams.
Favorite Astakhov
A universal winter-hardy variety. The tree is fast-growing, the shoots are thick, spreading. Fruits are uniform, round, weight of one 7-9 g. The skin is tender, dark red or burgundy, depending on the ripening period. The pulp is juicy and sweet, without sourness. The taste of Lyubimitsa Astakhova is rated at 4.8 points out of 5.
Rossosh gold
A popular and high-yielding variety for planting in central Russia. The crown is pyramidal, the height of the plant is average. The variety is drought-resistant, amenable to transportation. The berries are delicious, golden in color, weight is about 7 g. The shape is heart-shaped and round. In the sun, cherries acquire an attractive pinkish blush. The taste is sweet and pleasant, the aroma is honey. Rossoshanskaya gets 5 points out of 5 on the tasting scale.
Self-fertile
Self-fertile cherries do not need pollinating insects, which makes it easier for gardeners to care for the plant. Self-fertile varieties guarantee summer residents a high and stable yield.
Narodnaya Subarova
Cherry Narodnaya Syubarova takes root in any climatic zone, has tasty pulp and unpretentious care. Fruit weight 4-6 g, glossy skin, deep burgundy color. The taste is pleasant, with moderate sourness. Narodnaya ripens at the end of June, the fruiting period is extended - summer residents have time to harvest several times per season.
Gronkovaya
Gronkovaya cherries are planted in the Moscow region. The tree is early maturing, the fruits are universal in purpose. The weight of the cherry is about 5 g, the shape is round-heart-shaped, even. The skin is burgundy with a waxy bloom. Dessert pulp, medium density, harmonious sweet taste. The bone is easily separated from the pulp. Among the advantages of Gronkova, self-fertility and stable yield are noted.
Undersized
Low-growing cherry trees have a compact semi-spreading crown. The height of the trees is 3-4 m. This cherry, unlike other varieties, does not take up much space in the garden.
Black Prince
Height 3.5 m, wedge-shaped leaves, deep green color. The black prince is self-fertile, so other varieties of cherries are planted nearby. Berries are black and claret, weight from 5 to 9 g. Berry-plum taste, rich aroma. The ripening period begins in early June and lasts until the end of July. The Black Prince is frost-resistant down to -30 ° C.
Karina
The tree is compact, with a neat spherical crown. The variety ripens by the end of June. The berries are cone-shaped, the color is maroon. The stone is large, round, and has a sweet taste. The pulp is medium density, tender. Karina is frost-resistant, rarely gets sick. Ripe fruits hang on the tree for a long time, do not crack or crumble.
Winter hardy
Winter hardy varieties grown in regions with an unstable climate. The trees are distinguished by strong immunity, they can withstand temperatures down to -30 ° C.Next, consider the popular winter-hardy cherry varieties
Mascot
The Talisman variety can withstand temperatures down to -26 ° C, and bears fruit stably. The trees are large with a spherical crown and large leaves. The fruits are heart-shaped, the weight of one is 7-9 g. The shade of the peel is dark red, the flesh is pleasant to the taste, sweet and sour. The cherry is scattered over the crown, but the fruits ripen at the same time. For 7 years, the Talisman gives about 75 kg of a delicious harvest.
Staccato
The Canadian industrial variety is frost hardy and shows stable yields. The height of an adult tree is about 3.5 m, the shoots are strong and even. Fruit weight 10-12 g, heart-shaped, bright red color. The taste of the pulp is juicy, sweet and sour. Cherry ripens in the first decade of August. Shelf life of the crop no more than two weeks. Berries are used fresh or for canning.
Interesting! Of all the varieties of cherries, gardeners are especially fond of weeping trees. These are undersized drooping bushes that serve as a hedge or simply decorate the garden with their original appearance. The crown height of such a cherry is 3-4 m, the leaves are glossy, rich green. For weeping varieties, pruning is required.
Varieties suitable for regions
The choice of variety depends on the growing region. Sweet cherry is a southern plant, but many varieties are distinguished by drought resistance and frost resistance, show stable yield in the Urals and Siberia.
For the Moscow region and the middle lane
For growing in the Moscow region choose golden cherries. The variety is versatile and self-fertile, late ripening. Fruits are round, weight 7 g. Peduncle is of medium length, yellow skin. The pulp is creamy, the taste is sweet. Resistance to diseases and pests is above average.
It is recommended to pay attention to the variety Orlovskaya pink. The tree is medium-sized with a pyramidal crown. Fruits are one-dimensional spherical, weight about 3.5 g. Juicy pulp, pink color, sweet and sour taste. Orlovskaya pink is self-fertile, universal in application.
It is interesting:
For Krasnodar Territory
The fertile and light soils of the Krasnodar Territory are suitable for growing Bigarro Burlat cherries. The tree is vigorous, reaches a height of 5-6 m. Flowers are large, white, with a pleasant delicate aroma. Fruits are red-black, weight 7 g, rounded shape. The pulp is dense and juicy, the taste is sweet dessert. Biggaro Burlat bears fruit for 4-5 years after planting, is slightly affected by diseases. The yield of a ten-year tree is about 80 kg.
For the Rostov region
Rostov region is warm and sunny, famous for its nutritious soil and long hot summer. Summer residents recommend Olenka cherries for growing. The tree is medium-sized, the foliage is dense. Fruits are large, weight 8-10 g, spherical-heart-shaped, flattened along the edges. The pulp is dark red, the density is medium. The taste is juicy, with a pleasant sourness. Olenka ripens at the beginning of the second decade of June.
Another variety for cultivation in the Rostov region is Donchanka. Self-fertile, winter-hardy and fruitful. The height of a young tree is 3 m, an adult - 9 m. The leaves are green and large, the flowers are white. Berries are pinkish-yellow, attractive, weight from 10 to 12 g. The taste is sweet and juicy, with a rich aroma. Donetsk woman is not prone to cracking, is quick-growing.
For Siberia
The name of the Northern cherry variety speaks for itself - the plant is winter-hardy, tolerates frost and wind. The height of the tree is up to 3 m, the crown is semi-spreading. The flowers are small, bisexual. Northern cherry blossoms in May, begins to bear fruit 4 years after planting.
Fruit shape is blunt-hearted, weight is 4 g, color is light yellow with blush. The pulp is juicy, sweet and sour. Frost resistance of the North -34 ° C, the variety is resistant to fungal diseases. Sweet cherries are recommended for fresh consumption or processing.
For the Leningrad region
For planting in the Leningrad region choose cherry Red Hill. The tree is weak, the crown is broadly oval.Fruits are yellow with a pinkish blush, ripen quickly, after ripening they do not crumble from the tree. Weight is about 5 g, the pulp is firm, with a high content of juice. The color is light red - hence the name of the variety. Cherries are used as an addition to desserts, pastries, ice cream, hot and cold drinks. The taste is pleasant, sweet and sour.
Attention! Among Russian summer residents, the variety of domestic selection Madonna is popular. The fruits are very beautiful, red-claret, glossy rind. Fruit weight 7-9 g, tasting rating 4.7 / 5. Fruit jelly, marshmallow, jams, natural sweets are made from cherries.
For the Urals
Cherry Rondo is popular in the Urals - semi-spreading trees rarely get sick and are resistant to climate change. Rondo blooms already in mid-April, the plant during this period looks especially beautiful in the garden. Fruit weight up to 5 g, round shape. The color of the berries is red-burgundy, attractive. The stone is small, round, easily separated from the pulp. The taste is sweet, sweet. Rondo withstands drought, forms crops in hot summers.
Conclusion
Gardeners from the middle lane choose the Talisman, Black Prince, Orlovskaya pink cherries. Trees frost-resistant, the fruits do not crack, have a pleasant sweet and sour taste. Summer residents from the southern regions prefer cherries Donchanka or Olenka - the berries are juicy and large, weighing 10 g. If the plot is small, then they plant low-growing or weeping varieties - they have a compact semi-spreading crown.