Stable in yield and disease-resistant tomato "Sugar Bison": characteristics and description of the variety
Tomatoes Sugar bison are distinguished by good yields, large fruits, taste and the heart-shaped shape loved by Russian farmers. The fruits are versatile in use.
In the article we will give a characteristic and description of the variety, as well as recommendations of experienced summer residents for growing tomatoes in greenhouses and open ground.
The content of the article
Description
The originator of the variety is the breeders of the Moscow agrofirm "Aelita"... The company entered the market in 1989. Over the years, the range of the agrofirm has increased to 3500 varieties of varietal and hybrid seeds of vegetable and flower crops of its own, domestic and foreign selection.
The trials of the variety began in 2013, and already in 2015 the tomato was included in State Register. Seed producers recommend the variety for cultivation in all regions of the country in open ground and greenhouses.
Distinctive features
Indeterminate mid-early variety. Bush height - 150-180 cm, the stage of technical maturity, the fruits reach in 110 days. The trunk is low-leafed. The leaves are dark green in color, increased in length, have a short fluff.
The first flowers appear after the seventh leaf outlet, then through each pair of leaves. Five fruits are tied on one hand.
Fruit characteristics, yield
Fruits are rounded with a sharp tip, shaped like a heart... When biological maturity is reached on green tomatoes, a dark spot forms at the stalk, in the technical stage it disappears, the fruits acquire a dark pink or crimson hue.
Other qualities of tomatoes Sugar bison:
- fleshy juicy medium-dense pulp;
- the skin is dense, smooth, ribbed;
- the number of seed chambers is 6-12;
- delicate sweet taste;
- weight - 200-250 g (fruits on the lower branches are larger - 350 g).
Subject to the rules of agricultural technology from 1 sq. m collect 8-10 kg.
How to grow seedlings
Seedlings are sown for seedlings 60-65 days before transplanting into the ground... In central Russia, for film and glass shelters - in early-mid-March, for open ground - in late March-early April.
Read also:
Advantages and disadvantages of the "Raspberry Elephant" variety
Seed preparation
Standard seed preparation includes seven stages: calibration, warming up, disinfection, bubbling, soaking, hardening and germination. Experienced tomato growers start preparation one month before sowing:
- Calibration... The most viable seeds are selected: large, even, not empty to the touch, the rest are thrown away. Prepare a salt solution (one tablespoon of salt per 1 glass of water). For 15-20 minutes, the seeds are placed in a salty liquid. The seeds that have sunk to the bottom of the glass are selected for planting.
- Warming up... A bag or envelope is folded from cotton fabric, seeds are placed in it. Then they hang it from the central heating battery. The duration of the procedure is from two to three weeks. A faster way is to spread the seeds on cotton material and cardboard, place the cardboard on a battery for 1.5-2 days.
- Disinfection... A solution of potassium permanganate is prepared: 1 g of potassium permanganate is added to 100 ml of water.The accuracy of measurements is important: if you make a mistake in concentration, you can burn the seeds or not disinfect them. Summer residents use weights. If this is not possible, the potassium permanganate is measured with a teaspoon. It holds 6 g of the substance. This amount is enough for 3 glasses of water. The duration of the procedure is 20 minutes. After disinfection, the seeds are washed with running water.
- Bubbling... The seeds are placed in warm water (+26 - +30 degrees) and stirred every hour for 15-18 hours. Summer residents recommend using an aquarium compressor to saturate the seeds with oxygen.
- Soak... The seeds are placed in warm water or a solution of biostimulating drugs. Russian gardeners usually use "Zircon", "Epin", "Immunocytofit".
- Hardening... The seeds are wrapped in cotton cloth and cling film and placed in a cold place (-2 ... +3 ° C). After 8 hours, remove in heat (+ 21 ... + 25 ° C) for 8 hours. The change of temperature conditions is repeated 5-6 times.
- Germination... The grains are poured onto a cotton cloth or gauze. Water is poured into a flat dish and a cloth with seeds is laid on it. The fabric is constantly moistened until embryos of 2-3 mm in size appear on the seeds. Use water with a temperature of + 26 ... + 30 ° C.
Capacity and soil
Seedling containers are purchased at the store. There is a wide choice:
- paper honeycomb;
- peat pots;
- peat tablets;
- peat cassettes;
- PVC and polystyrene cassettes.
Some summer residents choose containers that are made from scrap materials.:
- cups of yogurt, sour cream, curds;
- cut foil packaging for juices and dairy products;
- cut plastic bottles;
- glasses from old newspapers;
- egg packaging.
Council. To make a glass from newspaper, take a glass bottle, wrap it with a strip of newsprint (15 * 30 cm). A small allowance is left from below to fold the bottom. The edges are secured with a paper clip, glue or tape.
For Sugar Bison, choose a universal tomato soil mixture, which includes humus, peat and river sand. For self-preparation of the soil, mix soil from a summer cottage, peat with an acidity of pH 6.5, river sand, humus or sifted mature compost in a ratio of 1: 2: 0.5: 1.
Containers and soil are disinfected boiling water or a solution of potassium permanganate. Containers and self-prepared soil are disinfected with boiling water or a solution of potassium permanganate.
Sowing
Seeds are dropped by 1-2 cm... Water the soil with a spoon or sprayer so as not to wash out the seeds. The containers are covered with foil (cellophane bag or cling film) to create a "greenhouse" effect. In the room where the containers are, maintain a temperature of + 22 ° C.
Growing and care
As soon as sprouts emerge from the ground, the containers are opened... After the appearance of two true leaves (the first pair after the cotyledons), the plants dive — they are planted in separate containers. The cotyledons should be near the soil.
At this stage, tomato feeding begins.: mineral fertilizers are added to the soil mixture for seedlings at the rate of 1 tbsp. l. for 5 liters of land. Two weeks after the pick, a complex fertilizer is applied.
Water the plants using a spoon or syringe under the root as the soil dries. So that weak bushes do not hit fungal diseases, they do not allow moisture to enter the stem and leaves.
They begin to harden the seedlings at the age of 40-45 days. At first, they are taken out into the street for 2-4 hours. Two days before transplanting to the garden, the plants are left outside overnight.
How to grow tomatoes
Seedlings are transplanted to the beds after 60-65 days after the first shoots appear. The optimum temperature is +16 ° C during the day, +10 ° C at night. The transplant is carried out in late May or early June.
Landing
Tomatoes are planted according to the 50 * 60 scheme (3-4 bushes per 1 m²)... 2 days before transplanting, the seedlings are watered, and the area where the tomatoes are planted is dug up.Cucumbers, zucchini, dill and carrots will be good predecessors for tomatoes, but in the area where tomatoes, potatoes and peppers grew, tomatoes are not planted - the plants are prone to the same diseases and suffer from the same harmful insects.
Before planting, the ground is disinfected with boiling water. or a solution of potassium permanganate. After 4-5 days, the bushes are tied up for the first time.
More about large-fruited tomatoes:
Tomato "Big Mom" and the secrets of growing large fruits
Tomato Bovine heart, characteristics and description of the variety
Care
Plants are watered with warm, settled water strictly under the root, preventing moisture from entering the stem and leaves... Sugar bison is not a moisture-loving variety, so it is better to under-water the tomatoes than to add water.
To prevent the sun's rays from leaving burns on the leaf plates, water the tomatoes in the evening or early in the morning. After watering, the plants are immediately spud, weed grasses are removed around and the soil is loosened. As soon as the first ovaries are formed on the tomatoes, loosening and hilling are reduced to 1-2 times every two weeks.
Depending on the phase of growth, tomatoes need different feeding... Nitrogen fertilizers are applied when the bush grows green mass and inflorescences are formed. Phosphorus-potassium - when an ovary is formed on the bushes and fruits grow. Top dressing is applied every 12-14 days.
The variety is indeterminate, which means that the bush is not limited in growth... It is pinched when it reaches a height of 1.5-1.8 m, so that the upper fruits have time to ripen before the onset of frost. The plant is formed into one stem. The rest of the stems and stepsons are removed.
Important! Stepsons remove by hand. When using a knife or blade, there is a risk of transferring an infection or fungus from bush to bush that is still invisible to the human eye. If a knife is used, the blade is disinfected after each plant.
Some summer residents form Sugar Bison into two stems... The photo below shows the formation of an indeterminate tomato.
So that tall bushes do not lean to the ground and did not break under the weight of green mass and fruits, tomatoes are regularly tied up as they grow.
Features of cultivation and possible difficulties
When growing Sugar Bison tomatoes, a beginner gardener can face a number of difficulties. The list contains the main ones and how to solve them.:
- When a large amount of greenery forms on the plant, the fruits become smaller and slowly ripen - as the tomato grows, the lower foliage is cut off.
- Tomatoes do not tolerate excess moisture well, but they need regular watering - the amount of watering is reduced without harm to plants by mulching the soil with peat, dry straw or grass.
- Tomatoes ripen less weight than the manufacturer claims - they remove excess ovaries, leaving up to 3-4 inflorescences on one brush.
Diseases and pests
Manufacturers do not indicate information about the immune system on the packaging tomatoes Sugar bison. But experienced summer residents still carry out preventive measures against common tomato diseases and harmful insects.
Tomatoes develop fungal diseases in greenhouses... To avoid this, gardeners carefully ventilate the shelters, and the plants are treated with such preparations:
- «Fitosporin»;
- Ecosilom;
- "Quadris";
- Ridomil Gold.
Finding brown rot on tomatoes, the affected tomatoes are removed, reduced nitrogenous fertilizing and watering.
Landings are attacked by such harmful insects as aphids and thrips. They are fought with the Zubr drug. Prestige will save you from the Colorado potato beetle, and Confidor will save you from the whitefly.
Council. The smell of nasturtium or marigolds scares away many harmful insects, so these flowers are planted near tomatoes.
The nuances of growing in open ground and in a greenhouse
Tomatoes of this variety are planted in open ground only in regions with hot climates.... Subzero temperatures during spring frosts (often occurring in central Russia and in the north) can destroy both newly planted young seedlings and already grown bushes.
In such regions, Sugar Bison is grown in greenhouses made of glass, film, polycarbonate.
Harvesting and application of the crop
Fruits are harvested on day 110-115... Used fresh for making salads, sandwiches. In conservation - for preparing juices, sauces, pastes, snacks and lecho for the winter. They are not used for canning whole fruits due to large fruits.
With careful handling, it can be stored for a long time, but it does not tolerate transportation - When fully ripe, the skin cracks. To avoid this, the fruit should be removed from the bush before the stage of its technical maturity.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
Among the main advantages of this variety are noted:
- good germination of seeds;
- high yield (8-10 kg per 1 m²);
- uniform growth and maturation of the fetus;
- drought resistance;
- good keeping quality of fruits;
- excellent taste.
The disadvantages include the need for shaping, pinching and garter, as well as a decrease in yield when grown in the open field.
Farmers reviews
Reviews on the yield of tomato Sugar bison positive... The gardeners who grew this variety were satisfied with the harvest and will grow it again.
Pavel, Chelyabinsk: “At my dacha I grow several varieties of bison. I have both Yellow and Black, this year Sugar appeared. I like all varieties very much. The fruits are delicious, beautiful. Plants do not get sick, respond well to feeding. The harvest is decent, so there is no need to plant many bushes. This reduces maintenance time. I am very pleased with my choice ".
Alina, Samara: “For the third year I have been planting the sugar bison tomato variety, I am very happy with the harvest. Tomatoes are sweet and sugar, that's why I like them. Their color is crimson - red. To make the seeds swell, I soak them in a weak solution of potassium permanganate before planting. Also, this method can be used for disinfection. The first shoots already appear on the 6-7th day. We eat tomatoes fresh, and it is from this variety that we get very tasty adjika with horseradish ".
Antonina, Zadonsk: “I have been growing it for the third year in a greenhouse. Seed germination is excellent, the seedlings grow strong. But in the first year I ran into trouble - late blight attacked. I had to dig a couple of bushes altogether. Now I always process all tomatoes with Fitosporin. The tomatoes themselves are beautiful to look at, but the taste is just a fairy tale! ".
Conclusion
Despite the fact that the originators recommend tomatoes for cultivation in all climatic zones, choosing a variety, it is worth considering that in cold regions in the open field, the yield will be low.
For the rest, tomato care is normal: they are formed into 1-2 stems, stepchildren are regularly removed and tied up. Tomatoes are unpretentious to moisture, and it is easier to tolerate a lack of liquid than an excess. The variety needs preventive treatment against fungal diseases and harmful insects. The fruits are used both fresh and canned.