Description of grape varieties for Krasnodar
Areas of the Krasnodar Territory with a temperate continental and subtropical climate are ideal for growing grapes. This culture prefers warm and sunny lands, the absence of winds and drafts, and fertile soil.
Table varieties are grown for fresh consumption, technical ones - for processing into wine, juice, champagne and other drinks. We offer a description of the best grape varieties for the Krasnodar Territory and the secrets of its cultivation.
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The best table grape varieties for the Krasnodar Territory
Table varieties are distinguished by large fruits, thin skin, tender and sweet pulp. Growing table grapes requires adherence to agrotechnical rules - fertilization, pruning and formation of bushes affect the size and quality of the fruit. In terms of ripening, table varieties are divided into early, middle and late ripening.
Early
Early ripening varieties begin to bear fruit in July, ripening period is 100-115 days. They are ideal for fresh consumption - the sweet flesh is enjoyed by many. In order for early grapes to ripen on time, it is important to follow the planting rules and grow them on loose and nutritious soils, protected from gusty winds.
Arcadia
Bushes are medium-sized, the vine ripens quickly. Leaves with weak pubescence on the lower part, large. The bunch is loose, conical-cylindrical in shape, average weight - 600 g. The length of the berry is about 3 cm, the shape is ovoid, the color is greenish-yellow. The skin is firm, the flesh is firm and tender. The taste is harmonious, sweetish. When fully ripe, a light nutmeg aroma is felt. Arcadia is mildew resistant, suitable for transportation. Frost resistance - up to -21 ° С, therefore, shelter for the winter is required.
Mascot
The bushes are medium-sized, the vines are strong and resilient, with weak pubescence. The flowers of the Talisman are female, so pollinating varieties are planted nearby. The bunch is conical in shape, the average weight is 700 g, but some specimens reach 2 kg. The berries are round, weight - about 12 g, amber-yellow color with a thick waxy bloom. The pulp is sweet, nutmeg, with a rich aroma.
The Talisman ripens in the third decade of August, fruiting lasts 2-3 weeks. The variety is resistant to insect pests and powdery mildew, the seedlings quickly adapt to the climatic conditions of the region. The application is universal: grapes are eaten fresh, processed into jam and juice, dried for the winter.
Helios
Very early table grapes ripen in 95-105 days. The bushes are medium-sized, the leaves are large with pubescence. The flowers of the plant are bisexual, so the yield does not depend on pollinating insects and weather conditions. Bunch weight - about 500 g, dense structure, conical shape. Berries are pink, round-ovate. The pulp is fleshy, nutmeg, colorless juice. Tasting grade assessment - 9 points. Resistance to mildew and gray rot is high, transportability is medium. Requires shelter for the winter.
Mid-season
Mid-season varieties ripen by early August, fruiting lasts 115-130 days. They are demanding on top dressing - summer residents regularly fertilize grapes with superphosphate, and before planting, manure or chicken droppings are poured into the hole.
Rizamat
The bushes are tall and require a lot of free space. Gardeners annually form shoots and remove unnecessary vines - this determines the yield and quality of the fruit. Bunch weight - 800-1500 g, conical shape.The color is pink-purple with tan and waxy bloom. The berries are cylindrical in shape, the weight of one is about 10 g. The flesh is crispy and tender, the skin is thin but firm.
Rizamat is grown in greenhouses or open ground, used to make raisins or eaten fresh. The variety is picky about growing conditions, summer residents pay special attention to feeding and watering - the plant does not tolerate drought and excessive moisture.
Strashensky
The Straseni grapes have an average winter hardiness, so for the winter it is covered with agrofibre or a dense film. The bushes are tall, green leaves have dense pubescence. The vines are strong and powerful, dark brown in color. The weight of a cylindrical bunch is 600-900 g, the structure is loose, the stem is long. The berries are flat-round, weighing about 8 g, the skin is of medium thickness. The color is dark purple, rich, with a thick waxy bloom. The pulp is dense, the taste is classic grape, pleasant. Resistance to mildew is high, to gray mold and powdery mildew - medium.
Larni Muscat
Slightly spreading bushes with large dark green leaves. The bunches are loose, conical-cylindrical in shape, the stem is medium. The berries are round, slightly flattened on the sides, with an attractive yellow-golden hue. The taste is nutmeg with a pleasant aftertaste, the weight of the berry is about 4 g. The yield of the variety is up to 5 kg of fruits per bush. Larni Muscat is valued for its marketable and taste qualities, unpretentious cultivation and versatility.
Interesting! To keep the bunches fresh, they are cut along with the pieces of the vine. Examine the fruits, remove dry or moldy ones. The brush is hung in a cool, dark place, such as in the attic or underground. Before that, the grapes are not washed or left in the sun.
Late
Late-ripening varieties ripen in September. Summer residents during cultivation make sure that insect pests do not appear on the bushes, they regularly spray the plants to protect against diseases. Late varieties are used for sale and transportation, the dense skin and waxy coating protect the grapes from cracking.
Moldova
Late-ripening table grapes Moldova is moderately resistant to frost, mildew is rarely affected. The bunches are loose or dense, weight - 400-600 g, conical-cylindrical shape. The weight of the oval berry is about 5 g, the skin is dense. The color is dark purple with a black tint, with a thick waxy bloom. The taste is sour-sweet, refreshing, with a bright nutmeg aroma. There are 2-3 seeds in the berry. The Moldova variety is appreciated for keeping quality and transportability, berries are suitable for processing and fresh consumption. Grapes are grown not only in the Krasnodar Territory, but also in the Republic of Adygea and the Rostov Region.
Prikubansky
Prikubansky is unpretentious in cultivation, the bushes are medium-sized, slightly spreading. The bunches are cylindrical or conical, the average weight is 412 g. The berries are round, the weight is 8 g, the color is dark purple. Harmonious sweet taste, medium aroma. Prikubanskiy can withstand temperatures down to -22 ° C, and is transportable. Tasting score - 8.6 points. Grapes are grown on loamy neutral soils, the distance between seedlings should be at least 2.5 m.
Pukhlyakovsky
The self-sterile variety Pukhlyakovsky needs pollinators, so other grape bushes are planted next to it. The purpose is universal, average frost resistance, strong immunity. The clusters are compact, weighing 90 g each, conical, loose. The berries are oval-ovoid, weight - about 2 g. Color is golden-white with a greenish tinge, in the sun the thin skin is translucent. The taste is interesting, berry-nutmeg, with a refreshing sourness. Each berry contains 1-2 seeds.
It is interesting:
Characteristics and description of early grape varieties
Technical grape varieties for the Krasnodar Territory
Technical grapes are suitable for the production of wine drinks.Its external qualities are not as important as in table varieties, the main thing is the presence of juice and dense pulp.
One of the common varieties is Odessa Muscat. It has medium-sized bushes and small dissected leaves. The ripening period is medium early, fruiting occurs on the 130th day. The flowers are bisexual, the yield is stable. White berries are small, spherical in shape. The bunches are conical, weight - about 200 g. The flesh is slimy, the skin is thin, but strong, protects the fruits from rot and mold. Harmonious grape taste with a strong nutmeg aroma. Frost resistance - up to -24 ° С. Muscat Odessa is used for making dry wine and champagne.
Another technical grade for the Krasnodar Territory is Kubanets. Late ripening, vigorous. The weight of the conical cluster is about 300 g, the color is dark blue, saturated. The berries are round, the flesh is juicy and pleasant. The rind has a thick waxy bloom, dense. The variety is resistant to mildew and phylloxera, rarely damaged by wasps and spider mites. Table, dessert, dry wines are prepared from Kubanets grapes.
Interesting!For planting in the Krasnodar Territory, cuttings with a diameter of 6-13 mm with a closed root system are chosen. If a gardener grows grapes for the first time, it is recommended to pay attention to seedlings with bisexual flowers - no pollinators have to hiccup. A suitable time for buying cuttings is mid-May or early June.
Conclusion
Viticulture in the Krasnodar Territory is actively developed - tasty fruits are grown not only by amateur gardeners on their private plots, but also by professional agronomists in nurseries, vineyards and farms. The names of the popular table grape varieties of Krasnodar are Prikubansky, Talisman, Arcadia, technical ones - Kubanets and Muscat Odessa. For the winter, plants are covered with agrofibre, and with the arrival of spring they are fertilized with mineral complexes and organic matter. The fruits are eaten fresh, and also used to make the most delicious white and red wine, champagne, juice.