Menza f1 high-yielding mid-late cabbage hybrid

Menza F1 cabbage is grown by both large industrial enterprises and gardeners in different regions of Russia, Ukraine, Moldova. Menza F1 has been cultivated for more than half a century. During this time, she has gained wide popularity due to her merits and unpretentious care.

Description of hybrid cabbage Menza F1

A high-yielding mid-late hybrid has long been known to gardeners and is considered a classic... White cabbage is a plant of the Cruciferous family; leaves are used for food.

Origin

Menza F1 (from nid. "Mensa" - "table") - a hybrid bred Dutch breeders in the middle of the XX century. In 1960 it was entered in the State Register. The USSR State Variety Testing Commission recommended the hybrid for cultivation throughout Russia. Scientists are working on Menza as a promising source material, creating hybrids for the Far Eastern region.

Chemical composition and useful properties

The cabbage contains all the necessary substances, useful for the human body.

100 g of the product contains:

• carbohydrates (glucose, fructose, sucrose) - up to 7%;
• vitamins:
  • PP - 0.8 mg;
  • beta-carotene - 0.02 mg;
  • A (RE) - 4 μg;
  • B1 (thiamine) - 0.03 mg;
  • B2 (riboflavin) - 0.04 mg;
  • B5 (pantothenic acid) - 0.2 mg;
  • B6 (pyridoxine) - 0.1 mg;
  • B9 (folic acid) - 11 mcg;
  • C - 46 mg;
  • E (TE) - 0.1 mg;
  • PP (niacin equivalent) - 0.8 mg;
  • H (biotic) - 0.1 μg;
  • K (phylloquinone) - 77 mcg;
  • choline - 10.8 mg.
• macronutrients:
  • calcium - 47 mg;
  • magnesium - 15 mg;
  • sodium - 12 mg;
  • potassium - 300 mg;
  • phosphorus - 32 mg;
  • chlorine - 38 mg;
  • sulfur - 36 mg.
• trace elements:
  • iron - 0.7 mg;
  • zinc - 0.4 mg;
  • iodine - 3 mcg;
  • copper - 74 mcg;
  • manganese - 0.16 mg;
  • selenium - 0.4 mcg;
  • fluorine - 11 μg;
  • molybdenum - 9 μg;
  • boron - 201 mcg;
  • cobalt - 3 mcg;
  • aluminum - 571 mcg;
  • nickel - 16 mcg.
• 16 free amino acids - 0.3 g

In folk medicine cabbage is prized for its antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, healing properties... Improves the functioning of the digestive, cardiovascular and endocrine systems. Helps with:

• headache;
• insomnia;
• stomach ulcer and 12 duodenal ulcer;
• diseases of the liver, joints;
• wounds, ulcers and burns;
• lowered immunity;
• lack of vitamins;
• constipation and hemorrhoids;
• jaundice;
• overweight;
• bronchitis etc.

With enterocolitis, pancreatitis, a tendency to gas production, it is not recommended to eat cabbage.

Application features

Various dishes are prepared from the leaves of Menza F1. Due to the lack of bitterness, they are eaten raw. This hybrid suitable for salting and fermentation, sales and long distance transportation.

Ripening period and yield

Cabbage is of a medium late ripening period, with a growing season (from the moment the first shoots appear) of 105-115 days. By mid-August - September, it is finally formed and ripens.

The yield is very high... Experienced gardeners from 1 hectare of plantings collect from 80 to 90 tons of high-quality cabbage.

Resistance to disease and cold

The hybrid has good immunity, is resistant to powdery mildew, bacteriosis, mosaic, but prone to keel. It tolerates frosts down to -2 ° C, making it suitable for growing in various climatic conditions, even in Siberia and the Urals.

Description of appearance and taste

Head of cabbage has a dense structure, flat-round shape, average weight 4-5 kg... Light green on the outside and white on the inside. The cabbage leaf has:

• average size - up to 40 cm in diameter;
• waviness along the edge;
• gray-green color;
• wax bloom, providing good keeping quality;
• crispy, juicy texture;
• sweet taste without bitterness.

The vegetable has a small outer stalk, the heads of cabbage do not crack. Taste qualities, like marketable ones, are excellent.

Advantages and disadvantages of the Menza F1 hybrid

The hybrid is famous for:

• wonderful taste;
• juiciness;
• high sugar content (7%);
• excellent presentation, thanks to which it is quickly sold out on the market;
• resistant to head cracking, drought and temperature drops;
• long storage not only in the cellar, but also on a leg in the garden;
• universal use: cabbage is fermented and consumed fresh;
• sizes (up to 9 kg - the weight of one head of cabbage).

Disadvantages of Mensa F1:

1. A large head of cabbage is not convenient for all housewives to process.
2. Reduced immunity to fungal disease - keel.

Difference from other varieties and hybrids

Possesses high resistance to cracking, lack of bitterness in the taste... The hybrid tolerates heat and lack of moisture more easily than many other varieties.

Attention! A striking distinguishing feature of Menza is its short leg (stump), thanks to which hilling can be done 1 time instead of the prescribed 2. It also prevents the head of cabbage from falling to one side, which ensures stability on the root.

Features of planting and growing

To get a good harvest, it is important to follow agricultural practices.

Preparing for landing

To receive strong seedlings in advance, preferably in autumn, prepare the soil, consisting of equal parts of leafy earth and humus, add 1 tbsp. l. ash per 1 kg of mixture. The soil is disinfected - frozen, calcined or steamed.

Seed preparation

Planting material is purchased in specialized stores, because in the collected from hybrids the properties of the variety are not preserved.

Important! You cannot treat the seeds yourself with growth stimulants and disinfect them with chemicals. The manufacturer has already done this. Soaking is also undesirable, otherwise the protective layer will be washed off.

Seedling preparation

To get healthy and strong seedlings, it is recommended to grow it in wooden boxes or plastic containers... In the first decade of March, seeds are sown in them to a depth of 1 cm, maintaining a distance of 5 cm from each other. The soil mixture is well moistened. Leave the container indoors at an air temperature of at least + 24 ° C.

Seedlings appear after 7 days, the room temperature is reduced to + 17 ° C, and the seedlings are placed on a windowsill with good lighting. In cloudy weather, fluorescent lamps are used for illumination, the soil is kept moist.

For root development and nutrition 14 days after the emergence of seedlings, the seedlings are dived into separate containers measuring 5x5 cm, treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate or copper sulfate.

10 days before disembarkation in open ground seedlings begin to take out on the street, covering with gauze from direct sunlight. Each time the time spent in the fresh air is increased, bringing it to full daylight hours.

How to make a seedless plant

Procedure:

1. The soil is fertilized, treated from pathogens, cleaned of weeds and thoroughly saturated with moisture.
2. Medium late cabbage is sown in the first half of May. Seeds for sowing will require much more than with the seedling method, because.some of the sprouts will disappear, some will be thinned out. Up to 3 seeds are spread into the hole to a depth of 2-3 cm, following the scheme 50x60 cm.
3. Sprinkle the crops with slightly moistened peat mixed with humus, do not water it because of the risk of seeds washing out.
4. After that, they are covered with material to create greenhouse conditions.

Ground requirements

For planting, choose a soil of medium loamy composition and pH 6.5-7.5... Cabbage loves light, but still the scorching rays of the sun have an adverse effect on it. For this reason, a high crop is planted nearby, for example, corn or sunflower. The soil is prepared in the fall: the garden is dug up and organic fertilizers are applied. In the spring, the plot is dug up again and fertilized: by 1 m2 land contribute 200 g of plant ash, 1 tbsp. l. nitrophosphate and 1 tsp. urea.

Predecessors

Cabbage drains the soil as it growstaking away nutrients, so grow in the same place next year it is impossible. There is another reason: overwintered larvae and pathogenic bacteria can be in the soil.

A good harvest will ensure compliance with crop rotation: the planting site of the vegetable is changed annually. Cabbage grows better after rye, legumes, early ripe potatoes, onions and cucumbers. They slightly deplete the fertile layer of the earth and have a different diet, and even disinfect onions and garlic.

It is not recommended to plant cabbage in places where it grew last season other crucifers (turnip, radish, lettuce, radish), squash, pumpkin and carrots. After these crops, the soil is depleted and can be infested with larvae and bacteria.

Timing, scheme and landing rules

Seedling is considered ready if there are 4-5 leaves... This happens approximately 45-55 days after germination. It is transplanted into the soil warmed up to at least + 10 ° C (in May). Planting scheme - 50x60 cm.

Planting density and depth

The roots are deepened by 5 cm, keeping the distance between seedlings 50 cm, between rows - 60 cm.

Growing features

The hybrid is grown both in open ground and in greenhouse conditions.

Menza F1 is unpretentious in care... It is carried out according to the standard scheme, and since cabbage is moisture-loving, watering plays the main role.

Watering mode

After transplanting, the seedlings are watered every day.... When the bush grows, watering is carried out 1 time in 3-4 days (3 liters per bush), preferably in the morning or evening, since the sun is at its zenith during the day. This is fraught with rapid evaporation of moisture from the soil surface. Watering is stopped 2-3 weeks before harvesting. This will protect against cracking and increase keeping quality, which is important during storage.

Loosening and hilling

Loosening is best done after irrigating the soil (3-6 times per season). Due to watering, the earth is compressed, which makes it difficult for air to reach the root system. Loosening not only enriches the soil with oxygen, but at the same time removes weeds and pests that have settled at the root of the cabbage.

Thanks to the very small outer stump (leg) hilling is enough to do 1 time during the formation of heads.

Top dressing

To obtain a high-quality harvest, the culture is fertilized 3 times:

1. The first time this is done 3 weeks after the dive of the seedlings, pouring at least 1/2 liter of the prepared solution under each sprout (1 kg of mullein is poured into 10 liters of water).
2. The second feeding is carried out 2 weeks after the first with the same solution, but its volume is increased to 1.5 liters for each bush.
3. For the third time, it is fertilized with superphosphate (40 mg per 10 l of water) and potassium nitrate (20 mg per 10 l of water) during the period of tying heads, pouring 2 liters of formulations under each plant.

Measures to increase the yield

It is important to follow standard agrotechnical procedures: water, fertilize, loosen, huddle, treat diseases and pests.

Disease and pest control

The hybrid has a well-developed immunity, it is resistant to powdery mildew, bacteriosis, mosaic. But has no protection against the keel, which damages the root system... It can be recognized by its symptoms:

• leaves wither;
• heads of cabbage are not tied;
• lumps on the roots, growths.

To prevent this disease the soil before transplanting is treated with a solution of potassium permanganate (2 mg per 10 l of water) or colloidal sulfur (5 g per 1 m² of land).

The most dangerous for this hybrid is aphid and cabbage flea. When aphids are damaged (peak in August), the following symptoms are observed:

• slowing down the growth of plants;
• pinkish tint of leaves;
• curling and wilting.

Aphid is located on the lower part of the leaves. To combat the pest, the plants are sprayed with insecticides.

Colloidal Salt Can Get Rid of Flea Beans... Signs of defeat:

• holes in the leaves, which are gnawed by adults;
• death of young cabbage;
• eating roots by larvae;
• bad harvest.

Growing difficulties

The hybrid is being cultivated for the second generation. It gained such popularity not only due to its excellent qualities, but also due to its ease of cultivation. It does not need additional care actions, it does not present any difficulties for growing.

Harvesting and storage

The ripe crop is cut with a sharp knife in August - September in clear weather, leaving 3-5 cm of the fruit stem. The chopped cabbage is placed in a cool dry room for several days so that the slices on the stalks dry out. Heads of cabbage, harvested in the rain, are also dried before storing.

Features of storage and keeping quality of hybrid Menza F1

For storage choose undamaged dense vegetables... It is important that there is no moisture on the surface. This will eliminate the risk of developing a fungal infection. Due to the good keeping quality, the crop harvested in autumn lasts until March. At the same time, taste and presentation are not lost.

Attention! Fresh cabbage is stored at 0 ° C and 80% humidity.

Reviews of experienced gardeners

In reviews of Menza F1 cabbage, gardeners note high taste, unpretentiousness and good keeping quality.

Nadezhda V., Omsk: “I only grow this cabbage. It is large and does not crack. I store it in the underground for up to six months. It tastes very good. I treat pests in advance for prevention. You can also grow cabbage in a greenhouse. "

Mitsa Ivan, Kiev: “I have been growing Menza for pickling for a long time. I love its crispy leaves. I also store part of the harvest in a pit. Heads of cabbage remain until March, keeping their original appearance. I don’t do anything special for leaving. Everything is as usual: watering, spilling, feeding. Happy with the harvest ".

Conclusion

Cabbage hybrid Menza F1 is productive, hardy and unpretentious for growing in various climatic conditions. With little effort and time, observing the basics of cultivation and the recommendations described in the article, you can get a high yield of delicious crispy cabbage.