The best summer varieties of pears: description and characteristics
Summer varieties of pears are in demand among experienced and novice farmers, housewives and cooks. A fragrant and fragrant crop appears on the table in July and August. Beautiful fruits are rich in vitamins, suitable for baby and diet food.
When choosing a variety, attention is paid to the timing of planting and the year of fruiting of the tree, the taste and appearance of the fruit. The article will tell you about popular summer pears, their features and recommendations for growing.
The content of the article
Distinctive characteristics of summer pear varieties
The ripening of summer varieties occurs in early or mid-July. Most pears ripen gradually, so gardeners enjoy a fresh harvest for 2-4 weeks. The taste is juicy and sweet; pears are consumed fresh and processed. Summer varieties are suitable for growing in the southern and northern regions, they are unpretentious in care. Plants are resistant to disease, which ensures consistent yields from year to year.
If the pear has a dense skin, then the fruits are grown for sale - they do not deteriorate during long-term storage and transportation. The size of the fruit is medium, the flesh is firm. Summer varieties are drought-resistant, but need regular feeding. Mineral and organic substances are necessary for the pear to ripen in time for harvest.
Attention! It is recommended to harvest the fruit on time, avoiding over-ripening. Otherwise, the pears will become soft and lose their presentation.
List of the best summer varieties: description and characteristics
To choose a variety suitable for your region, it is worth knowing the characteristics of their cultivation, the taste and appearance of the fruits, and yield indicators. Each variety has advantages and disadvantages. An overview and description of the characteristics of the most popular summer crops will help you make the right choice.
August dew
The trees are short, fast-growing, the crown is small and spreading. The leaves are dark green, with pointed tips. Fruits are light green, some have a subtle red blush on the side. The skin is smooth and firm, the stalk is short.
The pulp is white, granular in structure. The taste is sweet and sour. August dew ripens by mid-August, the shelf life of the harvested crop is no more than 14 days. Trees bear fruit in the fourth year after planting, rarely affected by scab. Winter hardiness - up to –24 ° С.
Bashkir summer
The plant is tall, the crown is pyramidal, spreading. The unpretentious variety gives a harvest in the second half of August. The flowers are snow-white, beautiful and fragrant. Fruits weighing 70 g are colored yellowish-green. The surface is smooth, without tuberosity, with an oily skin. The pulp is tender, sweet and sour, with a pleasant aftertaste. Shelf life after harvest is 2 weeks.
Bashkir summer is notable for its transportability. Keeping quality is average. To obtain a bountiful harvest, the pear is planted on nutritious and loose soil. Summer early pear is unpretentious in care.
Whiteleaf
The tree reaches a height of 4.5 m. The crown is of medium density, branches are upright. Fruits from 60 to 110 g, slightly ribbed. The peel is dry to the touch, light yellow in color with pinkish tints. The peduncle is thin and curved; the pears are easily separated from the branch.
The pulp is creamy, the seeds are brown, small. Astringent taste, sweet-sour, rich aroma.Late summer pears are removed from the tree at the end of August; shelf life in a cool and dark place is no more than 10 days. Whiteleaf is resistant to insect pests, the variety is universal in application.
Attention! For planting summer varieties of pears, choose breathable soil with an admixture of clay. South, west and southwest garden plots are suitable. The tree is placed in the hole so that the root collar is located at a distance of 3 cm from the soil level. After planting, the tree is watered, mulched and tied to a wooden peg.
Bere Giffard
The tree is tall, reaches a height of 3 to 5 m. The root system is powerful, the shoots are strong, spreading. Fruits are greenish-yellow, thin skin. Classical pear-shaped shape, weight from 70 to 100 g. The pulp is sweet, with a slight sourness, tender and juicy.
The tree bears fruit in the sixth year after planting. Rarely affected by scab, does not tolerate frost. The pear is planted mainly in warm regions. Harvested after July 15th. Pears are eaten fresh, used for cooking. The variety is popular in the south of Russia, in Armenia, Ukraine.
Victoria
Large-fruited universal variety. Fruits are smooth, regular pear-shaped. The skin is yellow with a blush, many subcutaneous points. The average weight of a pear is 225 g, the pulp is white, juicy and sweet.
Ripening period - mid-August, keeping quality up to two months. The long stalk keeps the fruits on the tree, so after ripening they do not fall off for another 2-3 weeks. The set is fast, the resistance to fungal diseases is average. In the first years after planting, trees are covered for the winter.
Great summer
Summer frost-resistant variety ripens by early or mid-August. The tree is medium-sized, with a spreading and wide crown.
Fruits are smooth, yellow-green in color, each weighing about 200 g. Small subcutaneous dots of black color are visible. Fruiting begins in the fourth year after planting. The Great Summer's taste is sweet, without astringency. The variety is planted in central Russia.
Attention! Fertilizers are applied from the second year of planting. Mineral - annually, organic - every three years. On average, 8-10 kg of humus, 15-20 g of urea, 20 g of potassium chloride are used per 1 m² of land. Fertilize the pear after watering - this way the nutrients do not evaporate from the soil surface. In addition, foliar dressing is used - the pear is sprayed with the preparation "HOM" to protect it from rodents and insects.
Duchess
The popular Duchess variety is grown in the south and central regions. Pear inflorescences are large. The height of the tree is up to 5 m, the crown is pyramidal, spreading. Fruit weight is about 180 g, the surface is slightly ribbed.
The peel is thin, yellow-brown in color, to a small point. The pulp is creamy, aromatic and sweet. The variety is appreciated for its taste, but Duchess often suffers from scab and aphids.
To obtain a harvest, pollinating varieties are planted nearby - Forest Beauty or Favorite Kappa. Harvest in late summer. Delicious jam is obtained from the fruits, dried fruits, confitures are made.
Carmen
Fast-growing tree with a small pyramidal crown. Fruit weight - from 60 to 100 g, the skin is dense, dry. A ripe pear acquires a rich burgundy or red color, dark subcutaneous dots appear. The pulp is semi-oily, tasty, juicy, creamy.
The Carmen variety ripens at the end of August. It is appreciated for its stable yield and drought tolerance. Fruiting begins in the fifth year. It is recommended to grow Carmen in central Russia. Traditional care: watering, fertilizing and regular pruning of dry shoots.
Cathedral
Pear Cathedral ripens by late July or early August. Fruit weight - from 70 to 110 g, slightly flattened, pear-shaped. The surface is smooth with small bumps, oily to the touch. During the ripening period, the pear is yellowish, subsequently acquiring a reddish tint. The pulp is grainy, creamy white, juicy, with a delicate aftertaste. The fruits are stored for up to two weeks.
The crop is eaten fresh or jam, juice, jelly are made from fruit. For storage, pears are placed in a dry wooden box, covered with newspapers and placed in a dark basement.
Summer oily
The wide and spreading trees bear fruit in the fifth year after planting. Suitable for cultivation dry areas, located away from groundwater and drafts. Fruit weight 150-200 g, green-yellow color with orange flank. The taste is refreshing, tart, sweet and sour.
The variety is winter-hardy, rarely affected by rodents and insects. Summer oily fruit annually bears fruit, useful dried fruits and snacks are made from pears. Grow Oily for personal consumption and for sale in bulk.
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Lemon
Lemon is a variety of breeders from Ukraine. The trees are tall and spreading, up to 6 m. The branches are straight and fast-growing, the crown is round. The variety is unpretentious to the soil, suitable for cultivation throughout the country. Fruit weight about 70 g, ovoid shape, elongated.
The variety got its name due to its light yellow color. The pulp is firm, yellowish-white, pleasant to the taste. Suitable for making jams and marmalades for the winter. Disadvantage - Lemon bears fruit only 8 or 9 years after planting. Fruits ripen at the end of August, after collection they are stored for no more than one week.
Attention! Summer delicious pears are used to prepare not only winter preparations, but also pies, casseroles, muffins and pancakes. Recipes for making nutritious salads are also popular, in which the sweet pulp of a pear is combined with chicken breast, shrimp, eggs, bell peppers, and pork.
Rogneda
In warm regions, Rogneda yields a harvest in late August, in cold regions - in early September. The tree is medium-sized, with a compact crown, suitable for small garden areas. The variety is partially self-fertile, flowering proceeds quickly, flowers are resistant to sudden changes in temperature.
The shape of the fruit is round, the weight of the pear is about 120 g, sometimes up to 150 g. The skin is shiny and smooth, the thickness is medium. The color is light yellow, with a reddish blush on one side. The pulp is semi-oily, sweet, with a pleasant nutmeg aroma. The first fruits are removed by gardeners 3-4 years after planting.
Due to its early maturity and winter hardiness, Rogneda is successfully grown in Siberia and the Urals. Fruits and leaves are resistant to rot and scab, after ripening for 10 days they do not crumble, they sit tightly on the branch.
Sugar
Yellow-pink fruits look appetizing on a tree, will decorate any garden. The plant is tall, a spacious and sunny area is chosen in advance for planting. The fruiting age is from 5 to 7 years, depending on the quality of the soil and weather conditions.
Pear weight 150-200 g, spherical shape. The taste is sweet and juicy, the pulp is medium-oily. If the tree does not have enough moisture during ripening, the fruits acquire a sour tart taste. In application, the sugar pear variety is universal.
Severyanka
The semi-spreading tree reaches 3-5 m in height. The crown is spreading, leafiness is average. The shape of the fruit is conical, pointed. Weight about 120 g, yellow-green color, slightly bumpy peel. The pulp is fine-grained, sweetness is average.
The ripening period begins at the end of July, in early August, gardeners are already harvesting. The shelf life of fruits is no more than two weeks. Disease resistance is high - Severyanka is rarely affected by powdery mildew and fruit rot.
Conclusion
For cultivation in the Moscow region and the Krasnodar Territory, they choose medium and late summer varieties - Carmen and Duchess. The fruits grow juicy and oily, with a pronounced taste. Severyanka and Rogneda are suitable for planting in cool regions, varieties are winter-hardy, unpretentious in care, rarely get sick. Most summer pears have a shelf life of no more than two weeks.They use the fruits for processing into compotes or jam, eat fresh, make dried fruits.