Requirements for grape varieties for Siberia and an overview of the best of them

Garden grapes prefer sunlight and warmth, so most varieties show high yields in warm regions. However, a number of varieties bear fruit well in harsh climatic conditions - in Altai and Siberia. According to the ripening period, grapes are divided into early, middle and late; by color - into dark and white; by appointment - for technical and canteen. When choosing grapes, attention is paid to early maturity, self-fertility, frost resistance, and immunity. What grape varieties for Siberia and Altai are chosen by summer residents, we will tell in the article.

Requirements for grape varieties for Siberia and Altai

For Siberia and the Altai Territory, unpretentious and frost-resistant varieties grapesthat quickly adapt to the climatic conditions of the regions. Recommended frost resistance — before -30 ° C. Also pay attention to plant immunity — to get a rich harvest, the grapes must be resistant to powdery mildew, powdery mildew, anthracnose, mildew. Varieties with weak immunity and low frost resistance will not take root in Altai or Siberia.

Top best

What varieties to choose for planting in Altai and Siberia? Let's talk about the most suitable ones.

Rusven

Table grape variety Rusven is universal - it is suitable for fresh consumption and processing, transportation and long-term storage. The bush is medium-sized, moderately spreading. The shape of the bunch is conical, weight - from 350 to 1000 g. Berries are oval, weight of one - about 50 g, pinkish-green color.

Ripening period of grapes - 110 days, frost resistance - up to -30 ° С... The taste is harmonious, sweet-sourish, with a pronounced nutmeg aroma. The skin is thin but firm. Rusven is fast-growing, gives the first harvest in the second year after planting.

Codryanka

Table variety super early ripening - the crop is harvested after 117 days... The bushes are vigorous, the leaves are dark green, medium in size. Bunch weight - about 600 g, conical shape. The berries are long, black, the flesh is sweet and crunchy. Tasting score of Codryanka - 8.2 points. For the winter, the bushes are covered with agrofibre or slate, in the spring, shoots are trimmed and the crown is formed - the yield of the variety depends on these procedures. Ripe fruits are transportable, versatile in use.

Amursky

The original bushes are liana-shaped - Plants are used not only for harvesting grapes, but also for decorating the garden area. Young shoots are light green, and mature bushes are brown. The leaves are large, of various shapes. Amursky blooms in the first half of May. The bunches are conical, one weighs an average of 500 g. The berry weight is 10 g, the shape is oval-rounded, the color is blue with a waxy bloom. The pulp is dense and juicy, greenish in color. The taste is sweet and sour, pleasant. Amursky is used fresh and for making jam, preserves, juice.

Interesting! In the coldest regions, grapes are grown in greenhouses. The height of the structure must be at least 3 m. It is recommended to choose greenhouses with built-in heating and humidification systems. In the process of growing it is important to regularly ventilate the room and take preventive measures to protect against diseases and insects.

Very early red nutmeg

Table frost-resistant Red Muscat ripens in 90-100 days from the moment of budding... The bushes are medium-sized, the shoots ripen quickly. The leaves are rounded, dissected. The clusters are conical, winged, the weight of one varies from 300 to 600 g. The shape of the berries is oval, one weighs about 5 g, the color is violet-red, attractive. Frost resistance of the Very early red nutmeg - up to -27 ° С. The flesh is crispy and fleshy, with small bones, the rind is firm. Sweet-nutmeg taste, estimated at 7.7 points. Suitable for sale, transportable. Resistant to gray rot, oidium, mildew.

Tukay

The ripening period of Tukay grapes is 90-95 days, the harvest is harvested in mid or late July... The bushes are tall, 1.5-3 m high, the foliage is dense. The bunches are large, weight - from 800 to 1000 g, cylindrical-conical shape. The berries are white or yellow-green, oval, weight - 5 g. The pulp is tender and juicy, the rind is thick with a waxy bloom. The grapes sit tightly on the bunch and do not crumble, they are rarely damaged by wasps. Tukai's flowers are bisexual, so the plant does not need pollinating insects and other grape varieties in the neighborhood. Berries have a universal purpose - they are suitable for fresh consumption, transportation, storage.

Interesting! Tukai grapes do not deteriorate for 4-5 months. After harvesting, the bunches are stored in a dry, well-ventilated room at a temperature of + 7 ° C. Wooden boxes, shelving or wall mounts are ideal for storage. The bunches should not touch each other.

Muromets

Very early Muromets tolerates temperature drops to -25 ° С and does not require shelter for the winter, which makes it easier to care for the plant. Table, bushes are medium-sized, leaves are small with pubescence. The bunch is conical, medium density, weight - about 400 g. The berries are purple, oblong-oval, weighing about 5 g. The skin is thin with a waxy coating, the fruits are stored for a long time, do not crack and do not crumble after ripening. The pulp is of medium density, tender and crunchy, each berry contains 1-2 small seeds. The taste of Muromets grapes is simple, harmonious. Plantings are rarely damaged by pests and diseases.

Amethyst

Super early universal variety. Frost resistance - up to -35 ° С... Ripening period 90-105 days. Bushes are tall, medium spreading. The weight of the bunch is from 200 to 700 g, the shape is elongated, conical, the color is dark pink with a purple tint. Conical berries, weight of one - 6-8 g. Taste sweet and sour, balanced, with a pronounced aroma. Tasting score - 8.1 points. Amethyst self-fertile, which ensures a stable yield. The shoots ripen quickly, the grapes are harvested in early August. Fruiting begins in the third year after planting.

Anthracite

Table variety of early ripening. The bushes are medium-sized, the shoots are light brown, the leaves are wrinkled, dissected. The flowers are bisexual, the clusters are conical, the average weight is 750 g. The berries are egg-shaped, blue-black, the weight of one is about 5 g. The flesh is fleshy, the taste is simple, the aroma is not expressed. Tasting score - 8.4 points. Anthracite is transportable, rarely damaged by fungal and viral diseases. For winter requires shelter... The frost resistance of the variety is up to -26 ° C, Anthracite is grown in the Urals and Siberia.

The best early, mid and late-ripening grape varieties

Of early varieties summer residents allocate grapes Augustine... Table variety, ripening period - 100-110 days. The weight of the conical bunch is about 500 g, the berries are dense, with a pleasant sweet taste. The variety is self-fertile and transportable, universal in use. Frost resistance - up to -25 ° С.

Also from early maturing varieties, white Muscat grapes are in demand... In terms of ripening, it is medium early. The berries are round, the weight of the bunch is 100-180 g. The color is sweet, the aroma is nutmeg.Early grapes are used for fresh consumption and processing. To obtain a rich harvest, it is recommended to cover early-maturing varieties for the winter.

From mid-season varieties, it is recommended to pay attention to the Beauty of the North... Ripening period - 115-120 days, the harvest is harvested in late August or early September. The bunches are loose, weight - about 250 g. The berries are large, white-pink. Juicy pulp with small seeds, sweet taste, pleasant grape aroma. A table variety, the harvest is suitable for processing and fresh consumption.

The late-ripening variety in Memory of Verderevsky is also popular among summer residents... The plant gives large ovoid berries, the weight of one is 6-7 g. Bunches of medium density, conical, weighing 300-400 g. The crop is stored for 4-5 months without loss of taste and marketability, frost resistance - up to -24 ° C. The shoots ripen quickly, the yield is stable. Resistance to mildew and spider mites is high.

Interesting! Of the late varieties, gardeners distinguish December, Red Globe, Original, Dachny. In Altai and Siberia, they are planted in spacious and well-lit areas next to low-growing plants. If a plant grapes in the shade or partial shade or next to tall bushes, this will negatively affect the yield.

Technical and canteens

Technical varieties are grown for processing - wines, juices, champagne, cognac are made from grapes. A productive technical grade - Rubin Azos. Medium late, harvested in September. The bunches are branchy and loose, weight - about 300 g. The berries are round, weight of one - 2 g. The skin is dark blue, the skin is dense, the pulp is sweet and juicy. Tasting score - 7.9 points. Among the advantages of the variety, they distinguish increased resistance to diseases and pests.

Another technical frost-resistant variety Ryabinsky... Early maturing, self-fertile. The plant is medium-sized, does not require special skills to grow. Bunch weight - 180 g, berries are dense, oval, white in color. The pulp is juicy, the taste is simple, the juice is colorless. Ryabinsky grapes are used to prepare dry wine - the tasting score is 7.8 points. Diseases of grapes are rarely affected, requires shelter for the winter.

Canteens

Table varieties have sweeter and more pleasant pulp, thin skin, delicate taste... The Skungub 2 variety is universal in use and unpretentious in cultivation, with frost resistance up to -25 ° C. The bushes are medium-sized, the leaves are slightly pubescent. Bunches of medium density, weight about - 230 g, berries are black, oval. The taste is pleasant, the tasting score of fresh grapes is 8.4 points.

For fresh consumption, gardeners grow a table grape variety Jubilee Skuinya... The bushes are medium-sized, the weight of the bunch is 200 g, the shape is conical-cylindrical. Berries are oval, light green in color, flesh with a harmonious taste, sweet with pleasant sourness. For a rich harvest, it is recommended to fan-cut and remove old dry shoots.

White, dark and pink varieties

White grapes has a sweet and sour pulp... It is eaten fresh or used for preparations. The universal variety of white grapes Rusbol is frost-resistant, can withstand a temperature drop of -25 ° C, and is resistant to mildew. The berries are oval, the taste is sugary, pleasant. Productivity - about 10 kg per plant.

It performs well in harsh climatic conditions and Bazhena grapes... The flowers are bisexual, the berries are long, the weight of one is about 13 g. The color is yellow-green, the fruits shimmer in the sun. The taste is sweet, harmonious. Shoots ripen quickly and amicably, and bisexual flowers provide a stable yield.

Among the pink varieties, the varieties Transformation and Muscat Pink are distinguished... They are early ripe, require shelter for the winter, sensitive to mineral and organic feeding.Fruits are red-pink, dense and elastic, oval-ovoid in shape. The varieties are frost-resistant, rarely get sick with powdery mildew, mildew and fruit rot. The harvest is used fresh and processed, the berries are transportable and keeping quality.

Dark varieties mainly used for processing, they are used to prepare dry and semi-dry wines, wine-containing drinks. In addition to the Kodryanka variety, the dark Black Cherry grape is popular. The bunches are loose, the weight of one reaches 1000 g. The color is dark purple, the peel is dense, the flesh is light pink. The variety is fast-growing, begins to bear fruit in the second year after planting. The berries are crispy and tasty with a pleasant sweet aroma.

How to choose a grape variety for Siberia

When choosing a variety, attention is paid to the immunity and frost resistance of grapes, as well as taste and marketability. For processing, fruits with sweet pulp and thin peel are grown - they make jams and preserves. For transportation and storage, grapes with a thick skin and a waxy coating are grown - grapes are stored in dry cellars or cellars at a temperature of about + 7 ° C.

It is recommended to plant non-covering and unpretentious varieties. - they do not require much attention to themselves, in the process of growing they are watered and fertilized once a year pruning and shaping the bushes. In the northern regions, heat-loving grapes especially need mineral fertilizing - double superphosphate, nitrogen, ammonium nitrate, potassium salt.

Conclusion

Siberian and Altai varieties Kodryanka, Tukai and Rusven are distinguished by frost resistance and immunity - grapes are rarely affected by diseases, they are resistant to insect pests. The table variety Yubileiny Skuinya is ideal for consumption "from the bush", the technical variety Ryabinsky - for processing and making wine and champagne.

The yield of grapes depends on the preparation of the soil, the choice of the planting site, the observance of agrotechnical rules. Despite the winter-hardy qualities, most varieties need shelter for the winter. Before buying a seedling, it is recommended to study the photo of grapes and reviews of experienced gardeners.